CPython

Deep Dive CPython explores the internal mechanics of CPython, the widely used Python interpreter written in C. Starting with a practical guide on downloading and compiling the CPython source, this book is perfect for developers eager to understand Python’s behaviour at a fundamental level. The book takes readers from basic concepts to complex details with a systematic breakdown of core components. It covers everything from CPython’s data structures like PyObject and PyTypeObject to object lifecycle management, giving insight into memory allocation and object reference counting. Each chapter illustrates CPython's architecture, such as Python's "everything is an object" philosophy, list handling, string manipulation, and dictionary operations. Readers will explore Python’s REPL modifications, string internals, and custom type creation with practical examples, like crafting a "backflipping" PyKitty_Type. Detailed sections on Python’s virtual machine operations, bytecode generation, and exception handling enrich readers’ understanding of how Python code is parsed, compiled, and executed. This book is a thorough guide for readers who want to go beyond basic Python use and understand how it works internally. Covering complex concepts like generators, iterators, descriptors, and metaclasses, this book equips readers with a thorough grasp of Python's performance optimization and design complexities. What you will learn:

• How to download, compile, and modify CPython's source code
• Gain insight into fundamental structures like PyObject and PyTypeObject,
• Understand Python's detailed handling of lists, strings, dictionaries, and the REPL environment.
• What are bytecode generation, custom types, and the inner workings of Python’s virtual machine.

Who this book is for: Python programmers aiming to gain a deeper understanding of Python’s internals and move beyond standard usage, as well as software professionals interested in CPython’s C-based implementation and core architecture.     Chapter 1: Reading the CPython Source Code.- Chapter 2: Overview of the CPython Project Structure.- Chapter 3: Everything Is an Object – Part 1.- Chapter 4: How Objects Are Created in CPython.- Chapter 5: Everything is an Object (Part 2).- Chapter 6: Defining a Custom Built-in Type.- Chapter 7: What Happens During Module Import.- Chapter 8: The Internal Representation of Integers.- Chapter 9: Floating-Point Numbers in CPython.- Chapter 10: Inside the String Object – Part 1.- Chapter 11: Inside the String Object – Part 2.- Chapter 12: What Happens When Python Starts.- Chapter 13: From Source to Bytecode - How .py Becomes .pyc.- Chapter 14: The List Object and Its Internal Management.- Chapter 15: The Dictionary Object – Part 1.- Chapter 16: The Dictionary Object – Part 2.- Chapter 17: The Tuple Object and Its Immutability.- Chapter 18: Inside the Python VM – Code Objects.- Chapter 19: Inside the Python VM – Function Objects.- Chapter 20: Inside the Python VM – Frame Objects.- Chapter 21: Inside the Python VM – Namespaces and Scopes.- Chapter 22: Inside the Python VM – Cells and Closures.- Chapter 23: Classes and Where They Come From.- Chapter 24: Class Inheritance in CPython.- Chapter 25: Method Resolution Order and C3 Linearization.- Chapter 26: The Role of super() in Multiple Inheritance.- Chapter 27: The Generator Object and the yield Statement.- Chapter 28: How Iterators Work Internally.- Chapter 29: Understanding Descriptors in Python.- Chapter 30: Exception Handling Internals in CPython.