Computer und IT
AI In The Age Of Cyber-Disorder
The rise of Artificial Intelligence applications is accelerating the pace and magnitude of the political, securitarian, and ethical challenges we are now struggling to manage in cyberspace and beyond. So far, the relationship between Artificial Intelligence and cyberspace has been investigated mostly in terms of the effects that AI could have on the digital domain, and thus on our societies. What has been explored less is the opposite relationship, namely, how the cyberspace geopolitics can affect AI. Yet, AI applications have so far suffered from growing unrest, disorder, and lack of normative solutions in cyberspace. As such, from algorithm biases, to surveillance and offensive applications, AI could accelerate multiple growing threats and challenges in and through cyberspace. This report by ISPI and The Brookings Institution is an effort to shed light on this less studied, but extremely relevant, relationship.
Microsoft Excel Pivot-Tabellen - Das Praxisbuch
Von ABC-Analyse bis Zeitachse: Mit PivotTables und Power Pivot alle Daten im Griff* Für Excel 2010–2019 und Excel 365* Mit vielen Praxisbeispielen aus dem Arbeitsalltag* Inkl. kostenloser Übungsdateien zum DownloadFür die Analyse größerer Datenmengen in Excel sind Pivot-Tabellen ein besonders leistungsfähiges Werkzeug. Das Buch zeigt, wie Excel-Anwender*innen mit Vorkenntnissen bei ihrer täglichen Arbeit von PivotTables profitieren können. Außerdem richtet sich das Buch an Anwender*innen, die PivotTables bereits nutzen, jedoch darüber hinaus verstehen wollen, wie diese richtig funktionieren, um gezielt professionelle Lösungen zu modellieren.Ein eigenes Kapitel widmet sich dem Tool Power Pivot, mit welchem Sie große Datenmengen aus mehreren Quellen importieren und analysieren können. Anhand praktischer Beispiele wie der Projektfinanzsteuerung, der Qualitätsanalyse oder der Personalstrukturanalyse lernen Sie die Funktionsweise von PivotTables und PivotCharts in Excel 2010 bis 2019 sowie 365 kennen, verstehen und gewinnbringend einzusetzen.Aus dem Inhalt:- Tipps für den PivotTable-Schnellstart- Planen und Vorbereiten- Daten aufbereiten und auswerten- Mit Daten jonglieren- Projektfinanzsteuerung- Stundenabweichungsanalyse- ABC-Analyse mit PivotTables- Personalkosten- und Personalstrukturanalyse- Umsatzanalysen mit Plan-Ist-Vergleichen- Datenmodelle und Beziehungen- Datenauswertung mit Power PivotHelmut Schuster ist Diplom-Betriebswirt und seit mehr als 30 Jahren als Trainer und Berater im Bereich betriebswirtschaftliche Anwendungen mit Office tätig. Er ist Spezialist für Planung, Budgetierung, Prognosen und Analysen mit Microsoft Excel und Power BI. Darüber hinaus hat er als Co-Autor zahlreiche IT-Fachbücher, u. a. "Excel 2016 – Das Handbuch", veröffentlicht. Außerdem ist er ausgebildeter psychologischer Coach und lässt dieses Know-how in die Trainings- und Projektprozesse nutzbringend einfließen.
IP Address Management
REDISCOVER FUNDAMENTAL AND ADVANCED TOPICS IN IPAM, DNS, DHCP AND OTHER CORE NETWORKING TECHNOLOGIES WITH THIS UPDATED ONE-STOP REFERENCEThe thoroughly revised second edition of IP Address Management is the definitive reference for working with core IP management technologies, like address allocation, assignment, and network navigation via DNS. Accomplished professionals and authors Timothy Rooney and Michael Dooley offer readers coverage of recent IPAM developments in the world of cloud computing, Internet of Things (IoT), and security, as well as a comprehensive treatment of foundational concepts in IPAM.The new edition addresses the way that IPAM needs and methods have evolved since the publication of the first edition. The book covers the impact of mainstream use of private and public cloud services, the maturation of IPv6 implementations, new DNS security approaches, and the proliferation of IoT devices. The authors have also reorganized the flow of the book, with much of the technical reference material appearing at the end and making for a smoother and simpler reading experience.The 2nd edition of IP Address Management also covers topics like such as:* Discussions about the fundamentals of Internet Protocol Address Management (IPAM), including IP addressing, address allocation and assignment, DHCP, and DNS* An examination of IPAM practices, including core processes and tasks, deployment strategies, IPAM security best-practices, and DNS security approaches* A treatment of IPAM in the modern context, including how to adapt to cloud computing, the Internet of Things, IPv6, and new trends in IPAM* A one-stop reference for IPAM topics, including IP addressing, DHCP, DNS, IPv6, and DNS securityPerfect for IP network engineers and managers, network planners, network architects, and security engineers, the second edition of IP Address Management also belongs on the bookshelves of senior undergraduate and graduate students studying in networking, information technology, and computer security-related courses and programs.MICHAEL DOOLEY is Vice President of Operations for BT Diamond IP division. He has over 20 years of experience managing and developing enterprise-scale software products. His professional expertise includes IP addressing, DHCP, and DNS. He is co-author of IPv6 Deployment and Management and DNS Security Management. TIMOTHY ROONEY is the Product Manager for BT Diamond IP product development and has led the market introduction of NetControl, IPControl, Sapphire Appliances, and ImageControl, four next-gen IP management systems. He is co-author of Introduction to IP Address Management, IP Address Management Principles and Practice, IPv6 Deployment and Management, and DNS Security Management.Preface xixAcknowledgments xxiiiAbout the Authors xxvPart I IPAM Introduction 11 INTRODUCTION 3IP Networking Overview 3IP Routing 6IP Addresses 7Protocol Layering 12OSI and TCP/IP Layers 14TCP/UDP Ports 15Intra-Link Communications 15Are We on the Same Link? 17Limiting Broadcast Domains 18Interlink Communications 19Worldwide IP Communications 20Dynamic Routing 22Routers and Subnets 24Assigning IP addresses 25The Human Element 26Why Manage IP Space? 26Basic IPAM Approaches 27Early History 27Today’s IP Networks and IP Management Challenges 282 IP ADDRESSING 31Internet Protocol History 31The Internet Protocol, Take 1 32Class-Based Addressing 32Internet Growing Pains 35Private Address Space 38Classless Addressing 40Special Use IPv4 Addresses 40The Internet Protocol, Take 2 41IPv6 Address Types and Structure 42IPv6 Address Notation 43Address Structure 45IPv6 Address Allocations 462000::/3 – Global Unicast Address Space 47fc00::/7 – Unique Local Address Space 47fe80::/10 – Link Local Address Space 47ff00::/8 – Multicast Address Space 48Special Use IPv6 Addresses 48IPv4–IPv6 Coexistence 493 IP ADDRESS ASSIGNMENT 51Address Planning 51Regional Internet Registries 51RIR Address Allocation 53Address Allocation Efficiency 54Multi-Homing and IP Address Space 55Endpoint Address Allocation 58Server-based Address Allocation Using DHCP 58DHCP Servers and Address Assignment 61Device Identification by Class 62DHCP Options 62DHCP for IPv6 (DHCPv6) 62DHCP Comparison IPv4 vs. IPv6 63DHCPv6 Address Assignment 64DHCPv6 Prefix Delegation 65Device Unique Identifiers (DUIDs) 66Identity Associations (IAs) 66DHCPv6 Options 67IPv6 Address Autoconfiguration 67Neighbor Discovery 68Modified EUI-64 Interface Identifiers 69Opaque Interface IDs 69Reserved Interface IDs 72Duplicate Address Detection (DAD) 724 NAVIGATING THE INTERNET WITH DNS 75Domain Hierarchy 75Name Resolution 76Resource Records 80Zones and Domains 81Dissemination of Zone Information 83Reverse Domains 84IPv6 Reverse Domains 89Additional Zones 91Root Hints 91Localhost Zones 92DNS Update 925 IPAM TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS 93DHCP Applications 93Device Type Specific Configuration 94Broadband Subscriber Provisioning 95Related Lease Assignment or Limitation Applications 101Pre-Boot Execution Environment (PXE) clients 102PPP/RADIUS Environments 103Mobile IP 104Popular DNS Applications 105Host Name and IP Address Resolution 106A – IPv4 Address Record 107AAAA – IPv6 address record 107PTR – Pointer Record 107Alias Host Name Resolutions 108CNAME – Canonical Name Record 108Network Services Location 108SRV – Services Location Record 109Textual Information Lookup 110TXT – Text Record 110Many More Applications 110PART II IPAM MECHANICS 1116 IP MANAGEMENT CORE TASKS 113IPAM Is Foundational 113Impacts of Inadequate IPAM Practice 114IPAM Is Core to Network Management 115FCAPS Summary 116Configuration Management 117Address Allocation Considerations 118Address Allocation Tasks 120IP Address Assignment 133Address Deletion Tasks 135Address Renumbering or Movement Tasks 136Network Services Configuration 140Fault Management 143Monitoring and Fault Detection 143Troubleshooting and Fault Resolution 144Accounting Management 147Inventory Assurance 147Performance Management 151Services Monitoring 151Address Capacity Management 152Auditing and Reporting 152Security Management 153ITIL® Process Mappings 153ITIL Practice Areas 154Conclusion 1627 IPV6 DEPLOYMENT 163IPv6 Deployment Process Overview 164IPv6Address Plan Objectives 165IPv6 Address Plan Examples 166Case 1 166Observations 168Case 2 169Observations 169General IPv6 Address Plan Guidelines 170ULA Considerations 171Renumbering Impacts 172IPv4–IPv6 Coexistence Technologies 173Dual Stack Approach 173Dual Stack Deployment 174DNS Considerations 174DHCP Considerations 175Tunneling Approaches 176Tunneling Scenarios for IPv6 Packets over IPv4 Networks 176Dual-Stack Lite 177Lightweight 4over6 181Mapping of Address and Port with Encapsulation (MAP-E) 181Additional Tunneling Approaches 183Translation Approaches 184IP/ICMP Translation 185Address Translation 186Packet Fragmentation Considerations 187IP Header Translation Algorithm 188Bump in the Host (BIH) 189Network Address Translation for IPv6–IPv4 (NAT64) 192NAT64 and DNS64 193464XLAT 195Mapping of Address and Port with Translation (MAP-T) 195Other Translation Techniques 196Planning Your IPv6 Deployment Process 1978 IPAM FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS 201IoT Architectures 2016LoWPAN 203Summary 2099 IPAM IN THE CLOUD 211IPAM VNFs 212Cloud IPAM Concepts 212IP Initialization Process 212IP Initialization Implementation 213DHCP Method 214Private Cloud Static Method 216Public Cloud Static Method 218Cloud Automation with APIs 218Multi-Cloud IPAM 220Private Cloud Automation 221Public Cloud Automation 223IPAM Automation Benefits 223Unifying IPAM Automation 224Streamlined Subnet Allocation Workflow 226Workflow Realization 230Tips for Defining Workflows 233Automation Scenarios 234Intra-IPAM Automation 234DHCP Server Configuration 235DNS Server Configuration 236Subnet Assignment 236IP Address Assignment Request 236Extra-IPAM Workflow Examples 237Regional Internet Registry Reporting 237Router Configuration Provisioning 238Customer Provisioning 238Asset Inventory Integration 238Trouble Ticket Creation 239Summary 239PART III IPAM AND SECURITY 24110 IPAM SERVICES SECURITY 243Securing DHCP 244DHCP Service Availability 244DHCP Server/OS Attacks 244DHCP Server/OS Attack Mitigation 245DHCP Service Threats 245DHCP Threat Mitigation 246DHCP Authentication and Encryption 247DNS Infrastructure Risks and Attacks 248DNS Service Availability 249DNS Server/OS Attacks 249DNS Server/OS Attack Mitigation 250DNS Service Denial 250Distributed Denial of Service 251Bogus Domain Queries 251Pseudorandom Subdomain Attacks 252Denial of Service Mitigation 253Reflector Style Attacks 253Reflector Attack Mitigation 254Authoritative Poisoning 254Authoritative Poisoning Mitigation 255Resolver Redirection Attacks 256Resolver Attack Defenses 256Securing DNS Transactions 257Cache Poisoning Style Attacks 257Cache Poisoning Mitigation 259DNSSEC Overview 259The DNSSEC Resolution Process 260Negative Trust Anchors 262DNSSEC Deployment 263Last Mile Protection 264DNS Cookies 264DNS Encryption 264DNS Over TLS (DoT) 264DNS Over HTTPS (DoH) 265Encryption Beyond the Last Mile 26711 IPAM AND NETWORK SECURITY 269Securing Network Access 269Discriminatory Address Assignment with DHCP 269DHCP Lease Query 274Alternative Access Control Approaches 275Layer 2 Switch Alerting 275802.1X 276Securing the Network Using IPAM 277IP-Based Security Policies (ACLs, etc.) 277Malware Detection Using DNS 277Malware Proliferation Techniques 278Phishing 279Spear Phishing 279Software Downloads 279File Sharing 279Email Attachments 280Watering Hole Attack 280Replication 280Brute Force 280Malware Examples 280Malware Mitigation 281DNS Firewall 282DNS Firewall Policy Precedence 284Logging Configuration 285Other Attacks that Leverage DNS 285Network Reconnaissance 285Network Reconnaissance Defenses 286DNS Rebinding Attack 287Data Exfiltration 287Data Exfiltration Mitigation 287DNS as Data Transport (Tunneling) 288Advanced Persistent Threats 289Advanced Persistent Threats Mitigation 29012 IPAM AND YOUR INTERNET PRESENCE 291IP Address Space Integrity 291PublicizingYour Public Namespace 292Domain Registries and Registrars 292DNS Hosting Providers 294Signing Your Public Namespace 295DNSSEC Zone Signing 295Key Rollover 296Prepublish Rollover 297Dual Signature Rollover 298Algorithm Rollover 299Key Security 301Enhancing Internet Application Encryption Integrity 302DNS-Based Authentication of Named Entities (DANE) 303Securing Email with DNS 305Email and DNS 305DNS Block Listing 306Sender Policy Framework (SPF) 307Domain Keys Identified Mail (DKIM) 307Domain-Based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance (DMARC) 308PART IV IPAM IN PRACTICE 31113 IPAM USE CASE 313Introduction 313IPv4 Address Allocation 316First-Level Allocation 317Second-Layer Allocation 318Address Allocation Layer 3 320Core Address Space 323External Extensions of Address Space 323Allocation Trade-Offs and Tracking 324IPAM Worldwide’s Public IPv4 Address Space 325IPAM Worldwide’s IPv6 Allocations 326External Extensions Address Space 329IP Address Tracking 332DNS and IP Address Management 33414 IPAM DEPLOYMENT STRATEGIES 337General Deployment Principles for DHCP/DNS 337Disaster Recovery/Business Continuity 338DHCP Deployment 339DHCP Server Platforms 339DHCP Servers 339Virtualized DHCP Deployment 339DHCP Appliances 339DHCP Deployment Approaches 340Centralized DHCP Server Deployment 340Distributed DHCP Server Deployment 342DHCP Services Deployment Design Considerations 344DHCP Deployment on Edge Devices 347DNS Deployment 348DNS Trust Sectors 349External DNS Trust Sector 350Extranet DNS Trust Sector 355Recursive DNS Trust Sector 357Internal DNS Trust Sector 361Deploying DNS Servers with Anycast Addresses 362Anycast Addressing Benefits 362Anycast Caveats 364Configuring Anycast Addressing 365IPAM Deployment Summary 366High Availability 366Multiple Vendors 366Sizing and Scalability 367Load Balancers 367Lab Deployment 36715 THE BUSINESS CASE FOR IPAM 369IPAM Business Benefits 369Automation 370Outage Reduction 370Rapid Trouble Resolution 370Accurate IPAM Inventory and Reporting 371Expanded IP Services 371Distributed Administration 371Enhanced Security 371Business Case Overview 372Business Case Cost Basis 373Address Block Management 374Subnet Management 381IP Address Assignment – Moves, Adds, and Changes 383Inventory Assurance 386Address Capacity Management 387Auditing and Reporting 392Server Upgrade Management 392Outage and Security Recovery Costs 393IPAM System Administration Costs 396Cost Basis Summary 399Savings with IPAM Deployment 399Business Case Expenses 403Netting it Out: Business Case Results 403Conclusion 40516 IPAM EVOLUTION/TRENDS 407Security Advancements 407Intent-Based Networking 409Artificial Intelligence Applied to IPAM 410IP Address Capacity Management 412DNS Query and Response Analytics 412DNS Malware Detection 413Network Address Intrusions 413IPAM Administration Activity Analysis 414AI Summary 414Edge Computing 414Identifier/Locator Networking 415InformationCentric Networking 416PART V IPAM REFERENCE 41917 IP ADDRESSING REFERENCE 421IP Version 4 421The IPv4 Header 421IP Version 6 423The IPv6 Header 423IPv6 Multicast Addressing 424Flags 425Special Case Multicast Addresses 429Solicited Node Multicast Address 429Node Information Query Address 429IPv6 Addresses with Embedded IPv4 Addresses 430Reserved Subnet Anycast Addresses 43018 DHCP REFERENCE 433DHCPv6 Protocol 433DHCPv6 Packet Format 433DHCPv6 Message Types 433DHCPv6 Failover Overview 437DHCPv6 Options 439DHCP for IPv4 454DHCP Packet Format 454DHCPv4 Message Types 456DHCP Options 47419 DNS REFERENCE 475DNS Message Format 475Encoding of Domain Names 475Name Compression 476InternationalizedDomain Names 478DNS Message Format 479Message Header 480Question Section 482Answer Section 485Authority Section 487Additional Section 487DNS Update Messages 487DNS Extensions (EDNS0) 489The DNS Resolution Process Revisited 494DNS Resolution Privacy Extension 501DNS Resolver Configuration 502DNS Applications and Resource Records 504Resource Record Format 504Host Name and IP Address Resolution 506A – IPv4 Address Record 506AAAA – IPv6 Address Record 506PTR – Pointer Record 507Alias Host and Domain Name Resolutions 507CNAME – Canonical Name Record 507DNAME – Domain Alias Record 508Network Services Location 508SRV – Services Location Record 508AFSDB – DCE or AFS Server Record (Experimental) 509WKS – Well Known Service Record (Historic) 510Host and Textual Information Lookup 510TXT – Text Record 510HINFO – Host Information Record 510DNS Protocol Operational Record Types 512SOA – Start of Authority Record 512NS – Name Server Record 513Dynamic DNS Update Uniqueness Validation 514DHCID – Dynamic Host Configuration Identifier Record 514Telephone Number Resolution 515NAPTR – Naming Authority Pointer Record 517Email and Anti-spam Management 518Email and DNS 519MX – Mail Exchanger Record 519Allow or Block Listing 523Sender Policy Framework (SPF) 523SPF – Sender Policy Framework Formatting for a TXT Record 524Mechanisms 524Modifiers 526Macros 527Macro Examples 528Sender ID (Historical) 528Domain Keys Identified Mail (DKIM) 529DKIM Signature Email Header Field 530DKIM TXT Record 531DMARC TXT Record 532Historic Email Resource Record Types 533MR – Mail Rename Record 533MB – Mailbox Record 533MG – Mail Group Member Record 534MINFO – Mailbox/Mailing List Information 534Security Applications 534Securing Name Resolution – DNSSEC Resource Record Types 534DNSKEY – DNS Key Record 534DS – Delegation Signer Record 536NSEC – Next Secure Record 536NSEC3 – NSEC3 Record 537NSEC3PARAM – NSEC3 Parameters Record 538RRSIG – Resource Record Set Signature Record 539Other Security-oriented DNS Resource Record Types 540TA – Trust Authority Record 540CERT – Certificate Record 540IPSECKEY – Public Key for IPSec Record 541KEY – Key Record 542KX – Key Exchanger Record 543SIG – Signature Record 543SSHFP – Secure Shell Fingerprint Record 544Geographical Location Lookup 544GPOS – Geographical Position Record 544LOC – Location Resource Record 545Non-IP Host-Address Lookups 545ISDN – Integrated Services Digital Network Record (Experimental) 545NSAP – Network Service Access Point Record 545NSAP-PTR – Network Service Access Point Reverse Record 546PX – Pointer for X.400 546X25 – X.25 PSDN Address Record (Experimental) 546RT – Route Through 547The Null Record Type 547NULL 547Experimental Name-Address Lookup Records 547IPv6 Address Chaining – The A6 Record (Experimental) 547APL – Address Prefix List Record (Experimental) 548DNS Resource Record Summary 54920 RFC REFERENCE 555Glossary 583Bibliography 585Index 601
Error Correction Coding
PROVIDING IN-DEPTH TREATMENT OF ERROR CORRECTIONError Correction Coding: Mathematical Methods and Algorithms, 2nd Editionprovides a comprehensive introduction to classical and modern methods of error correction. The presentation provides a clear, practical introduction to using a lab-oriented approach. Readers are encouraged to implement the encoding and decoding algorithms with explicit algorithm statements and the mathematics used in error correction, balanced with an algorithmic development on how to actually do the encoding and decoding. Both block and stream (convolutional) codes are discussed, and the mathematics required to understand them are introduced on a “just-in-time” basis as the reader progresses through the book.The second edition increases the impact and reach of the book, updating it to discuss recent important technological advances. New material includes:* Extensive coverage of LDPC codes, including a variety of decoding algorithms. * A comprehensive introduction to polar codes, including systematic encoding/decoding and list decoding. * An introduction to fountain codes. * Modern applications to systems such as HDTV, DVBT2, and cell phones Error Correction Coding includes extensive program files (for example, C++ code for all LDPC decoders and polar code decoders), laboratory materials for students to implement algorithms, and an updated solutions manual, all of which are perfect to help the reader understand and retain the content.The book covers classical BCH, Reed Solomon, Golay, Reed Muller, Hamming, and convolutional codes which are still component codes in virtually every modern communication system. There are also fulsome discussions of recently developed polar codes and fountain codes that serve to educate the reader on the newest developments in error correction.TODD K. MOON is a Professor in the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at Utah State University. His research interests include information systems (communications, signal processing, and controls) and the application of principles of mathematics to problems involving the transmission, extraction, modeling, compression, or analysis of signals. He is the author of numerous journal and conference articles and graduate level texts on signal processing and error correction coding. Preface xviiList of Program Files xxiiiList of Laboratory Exercises xxixList of Algorithms xxxiList of Figures xxxiiiList of Tables xliList of Boxes xliiiAbout the Companion Website xlvPART I INTRODUCTION AND FOUNDATIONS 11 A Context for Error Correction Coding 3PART II BLOCK CODES 692 Groups and Vector Spaces 713 Linear Block Codes 934 Cyclic Codes, Rings, and Polynomials 1235 Rudiments of Number Theory and Algebra 1796 BCH and Reed–Solomon Codes: Designer Cyclic Codes 2417 Alternate Decoding Algorithms for Reed–Solomon Codes 2998 Other Important Block Codes 3719 Bounds on Codes 40710 Bursty Channels, Interleavers, and Concatenation 42511 Soft-Decision Decoding Algorithms 439PART III CODES ON GRAPHS 45312 Convolutional Codes 45513 Trellis-Coded Modulation 545PART IV ITERATIVELY DECODED CODES 58914 Turbo Codes 59115 Low-Density Parity-Check Codes: Introduction, Decoding, and Analysis 63716 Low-Density Parity-Check Codes: Designs and Variations 717PART V POLAR CODES 77717 Polar Codes 779PART VI APPLICATIONS 88518 Some Applications of Error Correction in Modern Communication Systems 887PART VII SPACE-TIME CODING 89919 Fading Channels and Space-Time Codes 901Index 939
50 Arten, Nein zu sagen
PFLICHTLEKTÜRE FÜR PRODUCT OWNER UND ALLE, DIE IHR STAKEHOLDER-MANAGEMENT EFFEKTIVER GESTALTEN MÖCHTEN * Einfaches Fünf-Schritte-Modell, um effektiv »Nein« zu sagen * Neun Kategorien mit insgesamt 50 Facetten von Nein * Mit vielen Denkanstöße, praktischen Tipps und Beispielen, in denen die richtige Art und Weise, »Nein« zu sagen, aufgezeigt wird "Nein" zu sagen ist nicht immer einfach und kann nicht immer auf die gleiche Weise erfolgen. Es ist auch nicht immer möglich, "Nein" zu sagen. Doch "Nein" zu sagen, bedeutet auch ein "Ja" zu den richtigen Dingen. Das ist eine Grundkompetenz, um die Effektivität als Product Owner, einer der Schlüsselrollen innerhalb von Scrum, zu steigern. Wie gehen Product Owner mit den Stakeholdern um? Und wie gibt man ein effektives "Nein"? Das Buch gibt Antworten auf diese und verschiedene andere Fragen – und zwar auf 50 verschiedene Arten. Die vielen konkreten Beispiele und Erkenntnisse aus der jahrelangen Erfahrung der Autoren als professionelle Scrum-Trainer und Berater bieten wertvolle Tipps und Handlungsoptionen, um sofort loszulegen.
Pro SQL Server Relational Database Design and Implementation
Learn effective and scalable database design techniques in SQL Server 2019 and other recent SQL Server versions. This book is revised to cover additions to SQL Server that include SQL graph enhancements, in-memory online transaction processing, temporal data storage, row-level security, and other design-related features. This book will help you design OLTP databases that are high-quality, protect the integrity of your data, and perform fast on-premises, in the cloud, or in hybrid configurations.Designing an effective and scalable database using SQL Server is a task requiring skills that have been around for well over 30 years, using technology that is constantly changing. This book covers everything from design logic that business users will understand to the physical implementation of design in a SQL Server database. Grounded in best practices and a solid understanding of the underlying theory, author Louis Davidson shows you how to "get it right" in SQL Server database design and lay a solid groundwork for the future use of valuable business data.WHAT YOU WILL LEARN* Develop conceptual models of client data using interviews and client documentation* Implement designs that work on premises, in the cloud, or in a hybrid approach* Recognize and apply common database design patterns* Normalize data models to enhance integrity and scalability of your databases for the long-term use of valuable data* Translate conceptual models into high-performing SQL Server databases* Secure and protect data integrity as part of meeting regulatory requirements* Create effective indexing to speed query performance* Understand the concepts of concurrencyWHO THIS BOOK IS FORProgrammers and database administrators of all types who want to use SQL Server to store transactional data. The book is especially useful to those wanting to learn the latest database design features in SQL Server 2019 (features that include graph objects, in-memory OLTP, temporal data support, and more). Chapters on fundamental concepts, the language of database modeling, SQL implementation, and the normalization process lay a solid groundwork for readers who are just entering the field of database design. More advanced chapters serve the seasoned veteran by tackling the latest in physical implementation features that SQL Server has to offer. The book has been carefully revised to cover all the design-related features that are new in SQL Server 2019.LOUIS DAVIDSON has been working with databases for more than 20 years as a corporate database developer and architect. He has been a Microsoft MVP for 15 years. And he has completed a sixth edition of his SQL Server database design book (Apress). Louis has been active speaking about database design and implementation at many conferences over the past 17 years, including SQL PASS, SQL Rally, SQL Saturday events, CA World, Music City Data, and the devLink Technical Conference. Louis has worked for the Christian Broadcasting Network (CBN) as a developer, DBA, and data architect for over 21 years. He has a bachelor’s degree in computer science from the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga. For more information, please visit his website at drsql.org.1. The Fundamentals2. Introduction to Requirements3. The Language of Data Modeling4. Conceptual and Logical Data Model Production5. Normalization6. Physical Model Case Study7. Physical Model Implementation8. Data Protection Patterns with Check Constraints and Triggers9. Patterns and Anti-Patterns10. Database Security and Security Patterns11. Data Structures, Indexes, and Their Applications12. Matters of Concurrency13. Coding Architecture14. Appendix A: Scalar Datatype Reference.
Deploy Machine Learning Models to Production
Build and deploy machine learning and deep learning models in production with end-to-end examples.This book begins with a focus on the machine learning model deployment process and its related challenges. Next, it covers the process of building and deploying machine learning models using different web frameworks such as Flask and Streamlit. A chapter on Docker follows and covers how to package and containerize machine learning models. The book also illustrates how to build and train machine learning and deep learning models at scale using Kubernetes.The book is a good starting point for people who want to move to the next level of machine learning by taking pre-built models and deploying them into production. It also offers guidance to those who want to move beyond Jupyter notebooks to training models at scale on cloud environments. All the code presented in the book is available in the form of Python scripts for you to try the examples and extend them in interesting ways.WHAT YOU WILL LEARN* Build, train, and deploy machine learning models at scale using Kubernetes* Containerize any kind of machine learning model and run it on any platform using Docker* Deploy machine learning and deep learning models using Flask and Streamlit frameworksWHO THIS BOOK IS FORData engineers, data scientists, analysts, and machine learning and deep learning engineersPRAMOD SINGH is Manager of Data Science at Bain & Company. Previously, he worked as Sr. Machine Learning Engineer at Walmart Labs and Data Science Manager at Publicis Sapient in India. He has spent over 10 years working in machine learning, deep learning, data engineering, algorithm design, and application development. He has authored three Apress books: Machine Learning with PySpark, Learn PySpark, and Learn TensorFlow 2.0. He is a regular speaker at major conferences such as O’Reilly’s Strata Data, GIDS, and other AI conferences. He is an active mentor and faculty in machine learning and AI at various educational institutes. He lives in Bangalore with his wife and four-year-old son. In his spare time, he enjoys playing guitar, coding, reading, and watching football.Manager of Data Science at Bain & Company. He has over 11 years of experience in the data science field working with multiple product- and service-based organizations. He has been part of numerous ML and AI large-scale projects. He has published three books on large scale data processing and machine learning. He is a regular speaker at major AI conferences.Chapter 1: Configuring Your Deployment EnvironmentChapter goal: This chapter covers the steps right from reading the data, pre-processing, feature engineering, model training and prediction on local as well as on the cloud. This chapter provides the audience with a set of required libraries and code/data download information so that the user can set up their environment appropriately.Sub -Topics• Configuring your development environment• Installing required libraries• Building Python and TensorFlow based modelsChapter 2: Introduction to Model Deployment and ChallengesNo of pages: 20Chapter goal: The chapter showcases what is meant by deployment and what are the challenges associated with it.Sub - Topics• Understanding model deployment• Understanding challenges• Serverless architecture for deploymentChapter 3: Model Deployment Using FlaskNo of pages: 25Chapter goal: This chapter covers the lightweight web framework – Flask for deploying the small and simple machine learning models.Sub - Topics:• What is Flask• Build Python-based model• Deploy machine learning model using FlaskChapter 4: Model Containerization Using DockerNo of pages:30Chapter goal: This chapter is devoted to the understanding of docker platform. It covers all the steps to containerize any model, application using docker.Sub - Topics:• Introduction to Docker• Build a custom Docker image• Run a machine Learning model using DockerChapter 5: Introduction to KubeflowNo of pages:30Chapter goal: This chapter serves as an introduction to our core theme of the book: Build and deploy machine learning models using Kubeflow. The chapter begins with covering various components of Kubeflow and offers information on its advantages over other platformsSub - Topics:• Gentle Introduction to Kubernetes• Introduction to Kubeflow• Kubeflow componentsChapter 6: Model Deployment Using KubeflowNo of pages: 35Chapter goal: This chapter focuses on the industrial implementation of deep learning model in the Google Cloud Platform using Kubeflow. This chapter also demonstrates various techniques like hyperparameter tuning and workflows for training and serving the models for predictionsSub - Topics:• Google Cloud Platform configuration• Hyperparameter tuning of the model• Training and serving model at scaleChapter 7: Model Deployment Using MLflowNo of pages:20Chapter goal: This chapter covers the alternative to Google’s Kubeflow – Spark’s MLflow. It showcases the process of serializing the machine learning model and serving it for predictions using MLflow.Sub - Topics:• Deep learning using MLflow• Model management using MLflow• Model serving using MLflow
Pro Ember Data
Learn how to work with Ember Data efficiently, from APIs, adapters, and serializers to polymorphic relationships, using your existing JavaScript and Ember knowledge. This book will teach you how to adapt Ember Data to fit your custom API.Have a custom API that you aren't sure how to use with Ember Data? Interested in writing your own adapter or serializer? Want to just know more about how Ember Data works? This is the Ember Data book you have been waiting for.Lots of books and tutorials start off teaching Ember with Ember Data. This is great, especially if you are in control of your API, but what if you aren't? You do a little research and start seeing terminology like adapters, serializers, transforms, and snapshots, and quickly become overwhelmed. Maybe you've thought to yourself that Ember isn't for you. Well, if this sounds familiar, then this book is for you.WHAT YOU'LL LEARN* Review the differences between normalization and serialization* Understand how the built-in adapters and serializers in Ember Data work* Customize adapters and serializers to consume any API and write them from scratch* Handle API errors in Ember Data* Work with the Reddit API using Ember Data* Learn how to use polymorphic relationshipsWHO THIS BOOK IS FORAnyone with an interest in learning more about Ember Data and how to adapt it to any API. People who read this book should be familiar with the basics of Ember and JavaScript.DAVID TANG is a Software Engineer from Los Angeles with over 10 years of working experience in web development. His software career has led him to work with companies of all sizes and use many different technologies on both the back-end and front-end for building web applications. Ultimately he found his passion on the front-end in building applications with rich user experiences. He has worked with several JavaScript frameworks, but was drawn to Ember because of the community's values in convention over configuration, developer testing, and the commitment to providing an upgrade path for new major releases. He values the framework's opinionated way of working with APIs and managing data in a client-side JavaScript application with its companion library Ember Data. Since David was introduced to Ember, he has spent a lot of time blogging, teaching, and building applications with Ember and Ember Data. David is also an adjunct faculty member at the University of Southern California, teaching web development courses.* Chapter 1 - Ember Data Overview* Architectural Overview* Model Attributes and Transforms* The APIUsing the Store * Adapters* Relationships* Chapter 2 - Talking to APIs with Adapters* The RESTAdapter* The JSONAPIAdapterThe ActiveModelAdapter * Background Reloading* Chapter 3 - API Response Formats and Serializers* The Job of the Serializer* The JSONSerializer* The RESTSerializer* The JSONAPISerializerThe Base Serializer * Using a Serializer* Chapter 4 - Common Adapter and Serializer Customizations* Changing the RESTful URL Path* Changing the URL for Certain Operations* Mapping Differently Named Payload Keys to Model AttributesMapping Foreign Keys to Relationships * Setting the Primary Key* Normalizing Responses* Normalizing Responses by Store Call* Normalizing Single Resource Objects* Chapter 5 - Writing an Adapter and Serializer from Scratch* Setup* Our Custom Adapter and Serializer* Finding All RecordsFinding a Single Record * Revisiting normalizeResponse()Creating Records * Updating a Record* Deleting a Record* Chapter 6 - Swapping the API with Local Storage* Implementing findAll()* Implementing findRecord()Implementing createRecord() * Implementing updateRecord()* Implementing deleteRecord()* Chapter 7 - Nested Resource URL Paths and Relationship Links* How Relationship Links Work* When APIs Don’t Return Relationship Links* Chapter 8 - Working with Nested Data and Embedded Records* Declaring Attributes Without Transforms* Embedded Records* Chapter 9 - Handling Custom Error Responses* Validation Errors* Controlling the Invalid Status Code* Controlling Error Response PayloadsOther Error Types* Chapter 10 - Testing Adapters and SerializersTesting Adapters * Testing SerializersChapter 11 - Common Customizations with JSON:API* Changing Attribute CasingOverriding a Resource Object’s Type * Overriding HTTP MethodsChapter 12 - Consuming the Reddit API* Setup* The Reddit APIs We Will Use* Fetching Posts in a Subreddit* Fetching a Subreddit’s Details* Chapter 13 - Polymorphic Relationships * Setup* What are Polymorphic Relationships?How do Polymorphic Relationships Work? * Customizing Polymorphic Relationships
C++20 for Lazy Programmers
Ready to learn programming with less effort and more fun? Then do it the lazy way! C++20 for Lazy Programmers uses humor and fun to make you actually willing to read and eager to do the projects as you master the popular and powerful C++ language. Along the way it includes many features from the new C++20 standard, such as ranges, spans, format strings, the “spaceship” operator, and concepts (template parameter requirements), and provides brief introductions to modules and coroutines.With this unique method, you’ll stretch your abilities with a variety of projects, including your own C++ arcade game. You'll construct your own classes, templates, and abstract data types. After reading and using this book you’ll be ready to build real-world C++ applications and game projects on your own.WHAT YOU WILL LEARN:* The brand-new C++20 standard* Programming graphics and games with the SDL library, using SSDL, the "Simple SDL" wrapper library* How to use the most common C++ compilers -- Visual Studio for Windows, and g++ (with Unix or MinGW) -- and their associated debuggers* “Anti-bugging” for easy fixes to common problems * Sound practices for becoming a productive programmer* How to make your own big projects, including a C++-based arcade game * The built-in Standard Template Library (STL) functions and classes for easy and efficient programming* Powerful data types including strings, stacks, vectors, and linked lists -- not by reading about them but by building them -- preparing you further for a career in programmingWHO THIS BOOK IS FORAll who are new to C++, either self-learners or students in college-level courses.WILL BRIGGS, PhD is a professor of computer science at the University of Lynchburg in Virginia. He has 20+ years of experience teaching C++, 12 of them using earlier drafts of this book, and about as many years teaching other languages including C, LISP, Pascal, PHP, PROLOG, and Python. His primary focus is teaching of late while also active in research in artificial intelligence.Introduction 1-11 Getting started 1-91.1 A simple program 1-91.2 Creating an SSDL project 1-121.3 Shapes and the functions that draw them 1-271.4 consts and colors 1-351.5 Text 1-37Prominent examples from this chapter: a drawing of a bug's head; a neatly printed poem.2 Images and sound 2-432.1 Images and changing window characteristics 2-432.2 Multiple images together 2-482.3 Adding transparency with GIMP 2-502.4 Sound 2-54Example: a slide show (Your yard gnome's travel pics).3 Math: types, operations, consts, and math functions 3-563.1 Variables 3-563.2 const, constexpr, constinit 3-573.3 Math operators 3-593.4 Built-in functions and casting 3-62Examples: diver on a diving board; a 5-pointed star.C++20 updates: constexpr, constinit.After this chapter, constexpr/constinit show up in most examples.4 Mouse, and if 4-674.1 Mouse functions 4-674.2 if 4-694.3 Boolean values and variables 4-734.4 A hidden-object game 4-75Example: The hidden-object game.5 Loops and text input 5-795.1 Keyboard input 5-795.2 while and do-while 5-815.3 for loops 5-855.4 chars and cctype 5-905.5 switch 5-94Examples: the Monty Hall problem; menus.6 Algorithms and the development process 6-976.1 Adventures in robotic cooking 6-976.2 Writing a program from start to finish 6-100Example: a bullseye pattern.7 Functions 7-1067.1 Functions that return values 7-1067.2 Functions that return nothing 7-1097.3 Global variables and why they're evil 7-1117.4 How to write a function in four easy steps (and call it in one) 7-1137.5 Why have functions, anyway? 7-117Example: a multi-frame comic (illustrates code reuse).8 Functions (Continued) 8-1268.1 Random numbers 8-1268.2 Boolean functions 8-1318.3 Multiple values provided: using & parameters 8-1338.4 Identifier scope 8-1388.5 A final note on algorithms 8-140Examples: various functions using random number generation.9 Using the debugger 9-1419.1 A flawed program 9-1419.2 Breakpoints and watched variables 9-1459.3 Fixing the stripes 9-1459.4 Going into functions 9-1499.4 Fixing the stars 9-1499.4 Wrap-up 9-1509.4 Other debugging techniques 9-1539.4 More on antibugging 9-156Example: a national flag.10 Arrays and enum class 10-15910.1 Arrays 10-15910.2 Arrays as function parameters 10-16010.3 enum class 10-16610.4 Multidimensional arrays 10-166Examples: monthly temperatures, checkers, tic-tac-toe.C++20 update: using enum class (which significantly improves the usefulness of enum class).11 Animation with structs and sprites 11-17311.1 struct 11-17311.2 Making a movie with struct and while 11-17611.3 Sprites 11-182Examples: bouncing balls; a video aquarium.C++20 update: designated initializers for structs.12 Building your own arcade game: input, collisions, and putting it all together 12-18812.1 Determining input states 12-18812.2 Events 12-19012.3 Cooldowns and lifetimes 12-19112.4 Collisions 12-19412.5 The big game 12-195Examples: an arcade game, and the student's own game.13 Standard I/O and file operations 13-20413.1 Standard I/O programs in Visual C++ and g++ 13-20413.2 File I/O (optional) 13-210Examples: various programs reading/writing text files.Except for Chapter 21 (virtual functions), this and subsequent chapters use standard console I/O, not the SSDL graphics library.If used for a course, this chapter likely ends the first semester, so if students are going into a class with a different textbook, they are ready for the console I/O it will certainly require them to know.14 Character arrays and dynamic memory (pointers) 14-22114.1 Character arrays 14-22114.2 Dynamic allocation of arrays. 14-22414.3 Using the * notation 14-228Examples: C's string functions, written as examples or offered as exercises; code with new and deleteC++20 updates: array size deduction in new expressions.15 Classes: the basics 15-23215.1 Writing classes 15-23215.2 Constructors 15-23515.3 const objects, const member functions... 15-23915.4 ...and const parameters 15-24115.5 Multiple constructors 15-24115.6 Default parameters for code reuse 15-24415.7 Date program (so far) 15-245Examples: the Date class; the student's own Time class.16 Classes, continued 16-24816.1 inline functions for efficiency 16-24816.2 Access functions 16-24916.3 static members, inline, and constexpr/constinit 16-25016.4 Separate compilation and include files 16-25216.5 Multiple-file projects in Microsoft Visual C++ 16-25716.7 Multiple-file projects in g++ 16-25916.8 Final Date program 16-264Examples: the Date class; the student's own Time class, continued.C++20 updates: constexpr/consteval member functions; constexpr/constinit data members and their interaction with static.17 Operators, and destructors 17-26817.1 The basic string class 17-26817.2 Destructors 17-27017.3 == and != operators 17-27117.3 Other comparison operators, using the spaceship operator 17-27117.4 Assignment operators and *this 17-27317.5 Arithmetic operators 17-27517.6 [] and () operators 17-27917.7 >> and
Implementing AI Systems
AI is one of the fastest growing corners of the tech world. But there remains one big problem: many AI projects fail. The fact is that AI is unique among IT projects. The technology requires a different mindset, in terms of understanding probabilities, data structures and complex algorithms. There is also a need to deal with complex issues like ethics and privacy.This is where Implementing AI Systems comes in. You'll learn the step-by-step process for successful implementations of AI, backed up with numerous case studies from top companies. This book puts everything you need to know into one place – that is, it’s the handbook you need for AI. You’ll focus primarily on understanding the core concepts for AI like NLP, Machine Learning, Deep Learning and so on.This book will help you find the right areas to apply AI.WHAT YOU’LL LEARN* Put together an effective data strategy* Create models and how to successfully test them* Evaluate AI tools* Assemble the right team* Scale AI across an organizationWHO THIS BOOK IS FORPrimarily for managers, IT professionals and executives of mid-size and large companies wanting to implement AI in their organization.Tom Taulli has been developing software since the 1980s. In college, he started his first company, which focused on the development of e-learning systems. He created other companies as well, including Hypermart.net that was sold to InfoSpace in 1996. Along the way, Tom has written columns for online publications such as BusinessWeek.com, TechWeb.com, and Bloomberg.com. He also writes posts on Artificial Intelligence for Forbes.com and is the adviser to various companies in the space. You can reach Tom on Twitter (@ttaulli) or through his website (Taulli.com) where he has an online course on AI.Guest Forward (Say from a CEO/founder of an AI company)Introduction (Quick overview of what the book will cover, chapter-by-chapter)Chapter 1: AI Landscape• Look at the growth opportunities and the need for digital transformation. But also highlight the challenges with AI implementations.Chapter 2: Identify The Problem To Be Solved• The problem can be internal (such as with improving operations) or external (helping to provide better customer experiences). This chapter will look at cases where companies have been successful with this.Chapter 3: Data Preparation• This often does not get enough attention. But data preparation is absolutely essential and full of mine fields. There will be a look at how to identify/clean the data, such a with various tools and techniques. This chapter will also describe strategies for data ethics, governance, provenance and compliance.Chapter 4: Building the AI Team• This shows what skillsets are required and how to recruit the right people. There will also be a look at setting up the right incentives, roles and duties.Chapter 5: Creating the Model• This chapter will focus on what algorithms to use, how to select the parameters and how to test/train the models. There will also be coverage on the various types of tools to select and when to create in-house ones.Chapter 6: Deploy The Model• Here there is a look at strategies for having limited releases and rollouts. There will also be a look at different approaches for the design of the UI so as to get better adoption.Chapter 7: Monitoring• This chapter will show how to keep track of the model and know when to make changes/upgrades.Chapter 8: Scaling AI• This has proven to be extremely difficult for organizations. So in this chapter, there will be a look at strategies to show how AI can move the needle.Chapter 9: The Future• Again, there needs to be a different mindset. Thus, for a successful AI implementation, it’s important to look at change management strategies.Chapter 10: The Future• This will be a recap of the main takeaways of the book and also a look at major trends with AI.Appendix A: Resources like blogs, videos and websitesAppendix B: AI Tools (TensorFlow, DataRobot, Microsoft AI Builder, etc)Appendix C: AI Glossary
Core Blender Development
Learn the essential source code of Blender and its unique build system. This book provides the inner workings of the Blender C-based source code, and will be indispensable for those wanting to contribute to this important open-source project.Blender is an open-source 3D modeling and rendering software package used in the production of assets for animated projects, 3D printing, games, and even scientific visualization. This book goes in depth and discusses the primary modules related to the GUI and the geometric modeling work. You'll start by learning how to reverse engineer geometric operators, and from there move on to the main features of the source code and how to apply them. When done, you'll have the necessary foundation for exploration in other modules of the Blender source code.Lack of software engineering knowledge, such as experience with large cross-platform code base, remains insurmountable for many new developers. While the Blender site includes much useful information, it is not detailed enough. Core Blender Development breaks down the barriers to entry for open-source development in 3-D modeling.WHAT YOU’LL LEARN* Find the code for various functions and editors in Blender* Track down bugs, and contribute new functionality to the Blender code base* Examine the .blend file and how it stores Blender state* Understand the Blender core code base beyond the community website documentation* Review the explicit code traces and source files of descriptions of the code baseWHO THIS BOOK IS FORPrimarily for novice to intermediate level developers and programmers with an interest in Blender, graphics, and visualization, who likely don’t have experience of reverse engineering a large code base.Brad Hollister holds a PhD from the University of California Santa Cruz in computer science, and has extensive software development experience both professionally and in the areas of open source, including BRL-CAD, VTK, and SCIRun. His research includes scientific visualization, virtual reality simulation for training, and computer graphics. Dr. Hollister is also faculty adviser for the Open Source Mozilla Campus Club at the California State University Dominguez Hills.Chapter 1. A First Encounter with Blender’s Source CodeChapter goal: To outline the Blender source tree, and provide an execution trace of how Blender registers geometric manipulation operators, and the execution of a few of the associated callbacks.• The Blender Projecto Discusses where Blender source code is hosted and how developers can find help online.• The Blender Source Treeo Listing of the modules included in Blender, and what each module does• The Blender CMake Build Systemo How Blender makes uses of the CMake build system, and how various modules can be included or excluded from a build• Some High-Level Geometric Modelling Tools & Their Operatorso Discusses how operators are registered in the C codeo Describes where primitive creation and geometric editing operators are registered and how to determine their callbacks• The Model-View-Controller Architecture of Blendero Explains the rationale for the general architecture of Blender and its history• Roadmap for the Remaining Booko What is “core” Blender? What this book covers and what it does not coverChapter 2. The Blend File FormatChapter goal: Explains the persistent data model and related data structures of the .blend file• What Does the .blend File Contain?o High-level description & purpose of the .blend file• Byte Layout of the .blend File• Backwards Compatibility of the .blend File• Blender DNA and the Data Modelo Shows how the contents of the .blend file map to DNA (data structures) and the data model and internal API• The Dependency GraphChapter 3. GHOST and the Main Event LoopChapter goal: Dissects the global host module (GHOST) and points out the high-level main event loop in the window manager module• Blender’s cross-platform support for multiple windowing and operating systems: gHOSTo Overview of the source files in the gHOST module• Trace of the Initialization Routines• GHOST and the Event Loop• Differences Between Linux, MS Windows, and MacOS buildsChapter 4. BlendLib & UtilitiesChapter goal: Discusses the suite of functions provided by the internal utilities libraries of Blender• The Math Utilitieso Explanation of the math utilities used throughout core Blender• The File Utilities• The global context and blendlibChapter 5. Blender Embedded Python EngineChapter goal: Describes the connection between Python API and the internal compiled code of the embedded (extended) interpreter• How Python is Embedded in a C Programo Preliminaries on embedded Python• How Blender Embeds Pythono UI dependencieso Associated source files & important module (externally linked) functionso Startup and initialization• The Data API & RNA generated codeChapter 6. Blender User Interface ComponentsChapter goal: Describes the internal graphical user-interface of Blender and how Blender uses OpenGL to draw and manage its custom UI• Internal UI APIo Describes Windows, Other UI Elements, and Events• How to construct simple UI Elements in C.• Hierarchy of UI Elements.• Trace of Window Updates and Drawing in C codeChapter 7. BMesh Data Structure and the bmesh ModuleChapter goal: Describes the bmesh data structure and how the associated geometric operators update its data.• BMesh Designo How BMesh stores geometry data? vertices edges topology etc.o How BMesh updates data?o How BMesh is linked to Python scripting modules via RNA (Data API)?o Trace of a Hypothetical BMesh update with the following operators Bevel Extrude Knife Cut etc.• Associated source code (modules and files) of bmesh• How BMesh is serialized in the .blend file?• Associated DNA structures and BMeshChapter 8. Adding a Custom Editor ModuleChapter goal: A details set of steps to add a new module to the Blender code base. Provides both an all C-code implementation of an editor, and then an implementation that uses Python to produce the same GUI components. The parallel views further reinforce the material from Chapters 5 & 6.• A Basic Window in Co Adding operators and buttons in C• Adding Operators and Buttons in Pythono How these UI elements map to C functions in core Blender• Adding Source Files for a New Editoro CMake additions for proper system build with a new module (editor)Chapter 9. Beyond Core Blender DevelopmentChapter goal: Suggests approaches to reverse engineering and developing non-Core Blender• Modifiers and Other Editors• Cycles Rendering• Physics Simulation
IoT Projects with NVIDIA Jetson Nano
Explore the capabilities of the NVIDIA Jetson Nano, an IoT device designed to perform computations like a computer desktop. This book will show you how to build your first project and optimize your devices, programs, and daily activities with the AI computation abilities of the Jetson Nano.This board consists of CPU Quad-core ARM A57 @ 1.43 GHz and GPU 128-core Maxwell. With this hardware specification, the board can run multiple neural networks in parallel for complex AI applications. With the integrated sensor and actuators, this board enables stronger IoT solutions and provides more advanced capabilities.Discover how develop complex IoT projects with the Jetson Nano today.WHAT YOU’LL LEARN* Set up NVIDIA Jetson Nano device* Build applications like image classification, object detection, segmentation, and speech processing* Use the Jetson Nano to process daily computer activities such as browsing the internet, checking emails, or playing music and videos* Implement machine learning computations into your projectsWHO THIS BOOK IS FORMakers, developers, students, and professional of all levels who are new to the NVIDIA Jetson Nano technology. Agus Kurniawan is a lecturer, IT consultant, and author. He has 15 years of experience in various software and hardware development projects, delivering materials in training and workshops, and technical writing. He has been awarded the Microsoft Most Valuable Professional (MVP) award 16 years in a row.Agus is a lecturer and researcher in the field of networking and security systems at the Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia.He can be reached on his Linkedin at @agusk and Twitter at @agusk2010.Chapter 1: Introduction to NVIDIA Jetson NanoChapter goal: to introduce NVIDIA Jetson Nano hardware and software1.1 Introduction1.2 NVIDIA Jetson Nano Hardware Specification1.3 What can we do with NVIDIA Jetson NanoChapter 2: Setting Up and RunningChapter goal: to set up and run NVIDIA Jetson Nano2.1 Introduction2.2 Hardware Preparation2.3 Set up Software2.4 Run NVIDIA Jetson Nano2.5 Configure NVIDIA Jetson Nano Software2.6 Reboot and ShutdownChapter 3: Administering NVIDIA Jetson NanoChapter goal: to administer NVIDIA Jetson Nano3.1 Introduction3.2 Managing Users3.3 Desktop Personalization3.4 Working with Terminal3.7 NVIDIA Jetson Nano Linux Command3.8 Networking3.9 Attaching a Network Module3.10 Connecting to a Network3.10.1 Connecting a Network via Ethernet3.10.2 Connecting a Network via WiFi with3.10.3 Connecting a Network via WiFi USB Dongle3.11 Browsing Internet3.12 SSH3.13 Access Remote Files over SFTP3.14 Update Package Repository3.15 Remote DesktopChapter 4: NVIDIA Jetson Nano ProgrammingChapter goal: to develop programs on NVIDIA Jetson Nano4.1 Introduction4.2 Python4.3 C/C++4.4 Node.js4.5 Web Application with PHPChapter 5: NVIDIA Jetson Nano I/O ProgrammingChapter goal: to develop programs to access NVIDIA Jetson Nano I/O5.1 Introduction5.2 Accessing GPIO5.3 Sensor Programming5.4 Actuator ProgrammingChapter 6: NVIDIA Jetson Nano CamereChapter goal: to work with camera on NVIDIA Jetson Nano board6.1 Introduction6.2 Camera Interfaces and Modules6.3 Set Up Camera Module6.4 Take Picture6.5 Record VideoChapter 7: Deep Learning ComputationChapter goal: to build Deep Learning programs on NVIDIA Jetson Nano I/O7.1 Introduction7.2 A Brief Deploying Deep Review7.3 Jetson Inference7.4 Data Classification7.5 Data Regression
Authentication and Access Control
Cybersecurity is a critical concern for individuals and for organizations of all types and sizes. Authentication and access control are the first line of defense to help protect you from being attacked.This book begins with the theoretical background of cryptography and the foundations of authentication technologies and attack mechanisms. You will learn about the mechanisms that are available to protect computer networks, systems, applications, and general digital technologies.Different methods of authentication are covered, including the most commonly used schemes in password protection: two-factor authentication and multi-factor authentication. You will learn how to securely store passwords to reduce the risk of compromise. Biometric authentication—a mechanism that has gained popularity over recent years—is covered, including its strengths and weaknesses.AUTHENTICATION AND ACCESS CONTROL explains the types of errors that lead to vulnerabilities in authentication mechanisms. To avoid these mistakes, the book explains the essential principles for designing and implementing authentication schemes you can use in real-world situations. Current and future trends in authentication technologies are reviewed.WHAT YOU WILL LEARN* Understand the basic principles of cryptography before digging into the details of authentication mechanisms* Be familiar with the theories behind password generation and the different types of passwords, including graphical and grid-based passwords* Be aware of the problems associated with the use of biometrics, especially with establishing a suitable level of biometric matching or the biometric threshold value* Study examples of multi-factor authentication protocols and be clear on the principles* Know how to establish authentication and how key establishment processes work together despite their differences* Be well versed on the current standards for interoperability and compatibility* Consider future authentication technologies to solve today's problemsWHO THIS BOOK IS FORCybersecurity practitioners and professionals, researchers, and lecturers, as well as undergraduate and postgraduate students looking for supplementary information to expand their knowledge on authentication mechanismsSIRAPAT BOONKRONG has more than 15 fifteen years of experience in the field of information security as a student, researcher, and lecturer. After spending more than 10 years getting his education from high school to PhD in the UK, Sirapat began his career in 2006 as a full-time researcher at the National Electronics and Computer Technology Centre, Thailand. He then moved into full-time teaching at King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Thailand and stayed there from 2009 to 2017. Sirapat is currently a full-time lecturer at the School of Information Technology and DIGITECH at Suranaree University of Technology, Thailand. His main teaching and research interests are in cyber security, authentication technologies, and cryptographic protocol design.CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO CRYPTOGRAPHYCovers basic principles of cryptography which forms a part of authentication mechanisms. This chapter is included in this book because it is necessary to understand basic principles of cryptography prior to getting into the detail of authentication mechanisms.What is “Security”?The CIA ModelPrinciples of CryptographySymmetric CryptographyAsymmetric CryptographyHybrid CryptosystemCryptographic Hash FunctionsDigital SignatureCHAPTER 2: PUBLIC KEY INFRASTRUCTUREIt is not possible to have a book on authentication without mentioning public key infrastructure (PKI), which is the foundation of security mechanisms for transactions on the Internet. The aim of this chapter is the understanding of the process and components, especially certificate authorities and digital certificates, which are necessary in many of today’s authentication technologies.PKI’s Uses and BenefitsPKI FrameworkCertificate ExchangePKI ProcessCHAPTER 3: METHODS AND THREATS OF AUTHENTICATIONBrings the readers into the world of authentication with an introduction to different authentication methods including the widely accepted something-you-know, something-you-have and something-you-are. Unfortunately, they are not without any security problems. The chapter, therefore, provides explanation of potential threats to these authentication technologies, too.What is Authentication?Factors of AuthenticationSomething You KnowSomething You HaveSomething You AreOther Factors of AuthenticationThreats of AuthenticationCHAPTER 4: PASSWORD-BASED AUTHENTICATIONPasswords are the most popular and most commonly used authentication mechanism. It is, therefore, necessary to understand theories behind password generation and different types of passwords, including graphical and grid-based passwords. One of the main aims of this chapter is to explain the problems with traditional passwords and newly studied problem with grid-based passwords. This chapter also discusses the principles of secure password storing methods during which a new and more secure storing scheme is introduced.PasswordsStoring PasswordsDynamic Salt Generation and PlacementGrid-Based PasswordsCHAPTER 5: BIOMETRIC AUTHENTICATIONIn recent years, we have seen that authentication technologies have stepped into the field of biometrics. Biometric authentication is discussed together with how the efficiency of biometric-based authentication methods can be measured. This chapter also touches on the problems of biometrics, especially the suitable level of biometric matching or the biometric threshold value. Finally, a method and an example for finding a suitable biometric threshold is illustrated.What is Biometrics?Biometric AuthenticationPerformance Metrics of Biometric AuthenticationFinding a Biometric ThresholdBiometric Authentication Use CasesCHAPTER 6: MULTI-FACTOR AUTHENTICATIONExplains a mechanism known as multi-factor authentication. It has become a well-known fact that one-factor authentication, especially the password-only authentication method is not adequate enough. Multi-factor authentication is when more than one method or one type of authentication credential is used in the authentication process. It is increasingly used in verifying user’s identity to access information systems with the belief that it provides better security. This chapter provides the explanation of the principles and examples of multi-factor authentication protocols.Issues with Traditional AuthenticationTwo-Factor AuthenticationCommon Authentication FactorsIs Two-Factor Authentication More Secure?Where is Two-Factor Authentication Used?Multi-Factor AuthenticationMulti-Factor Authentication for Internet BankingMulti-Factor Biometric-Based AuthenticationMulti-Factor Authentication EvaluationCHAPTER 7: AUTHENTICATION AND KEY ESTABLISHMENT PROTOCOLSThe aim of this chapter is to establish how authentication and key establishment processes work together despite their differences. Classical authentication and key establishment protocols that applied symmetric cryptography and asymmetric cryptography are discussed in order to point out their weaknesses. Potential solutions and more secure versions of these classic protocols are also provided, not with the expectation that the readers will use them but with the hope that they will understand how vulnerabilities can be spotted and what mechanisms can be used to fix them. Apart from the classical schemes, today’s authentication and key establishment schemes are explained in secure socket layer (SSL) and Kerberos. Moreover, from the lessons learned from the past protocols, principles for designing more secure authentication mechanisms are given.Authentication ProtocolsAndrew Secure RPC ProtocolNeedham-Schroeder ProtocolNeedham-Schroeder Public Key ProtocolSecure Socket Layer (SSL)KerberosDesigning an Authentication ProtocolCHAPTER 8: CURRENT AND FUTURE TRENDS OF AUTHENTICATIONThis chapter attempts to look into the future to see how authentication process will evolve and be developed. Several upcoming processes are: continuous authentication, where users are frequently authenticated during a session; cancellable authentication, where users are not required to enroll their true biometric information; and adaptive multi-factor authentication, which is how authentication factors dynamically change according to different context.What the World is DoingContinuous AuthenticationCancellable AuthenticationAdaptive Multi-Factor Authentication
Cultural Algorithms
A THOROUGH LOOK AT HOW SOCIETIES CAN USE CULTURAL ALGORITHMS TO UNDERSTAND HUMAN SOCIAL EVOLUTION For those working in computational intelligence, developing an understanding of how collective intelligence emerges from the interaction of human agents over time is essential. This book, Cultural Algorithms: Tools to Model Complex Dynamic Social Systems, is the foundation of that study. It showcases how we can use cultural algorithms to organize social structures and develop socio-political systems for sustainable learning in dynamic environments. For such a vast topic, the text covers everything from the history of the development of cultural algorithms from the standpoint of Agent-Based modeling and Complex Systems. Readers will also learn how other nature-inspired algorithms can be expressed in a cultural context and how to use social metrics to assess the performance of various cultural algorithms. In addition to these topics, the book covers topics including: * An overview of the Cultural Algorithms Toolkit (CAT) for prototyping Cultural Algorithms along with CAT Sample Runs * Problem solving using social networks in cultural algorithms with auctions * Multi-layered deep social learning with subcultures * Use of Formal Game Theory to enhance Social Knowledge Distributio in Cultural Algorithms * Cultural Learning as a Thermodynamic Process-the Cultural Engine as a vehicle for sustainable learning * Multi-Objective problem solving in Cultural Algorithms * Case studies on team formations * An exploration of virtual worlds using Cultural Algorithms For industry professionals or new students interested in the foundation of social intelligence, Cultural Algorithms provides an impactful and thorough look how collective intelligence can emerge over time and how human social evolution translates into the modern world. A thorough look at how societies can use cultural algorithms to understand human social evolution For those working in computational intelligence, developing an understanding of how cultural algorithms and social intelligence form the essential framework for the evolution of human social interaction is essential. This book, Cultural Algorithms: Tools to Model Complex Dynamic Social Systems, is the foundation of that study. It showcases how we can use cultural algorithms to organize social structures and develop socio-political systems that work. For such a vast topic, the text covers everything from the history of the development of cultural algorithms and the basic framework with which it was organized. Readers will also learn how other nature-inspired algorithms can be expressed and how to use social metrics to assess the performance of various algorithms. In addition to these topics, the book covers topics including: * The CAT system including the Repast Simphony System and CAT Sample Runs * How to problem solve using social networks in cultural algorithms with auctions * Understanding Common Value Action to enhance Social Knowledge Distribution Systems * Case studies on team formations * An exploration of virtual worlds using cultural algorithms For industry professionals or new students, Cultural Algorithms provides an impactful and thorough look at both social intelligence and how human social evolution translates into the modern world. List of Contributors ix About the Companion Website xi 1 System Design Using Cultural Algorithms 1 Robert G. Reynolds Introduction 1 The Cultural Engine 4 Outline of the Book: Cultural Learning in Dynamic Environments 6 References 10 2 The Cultural Algorithm Toolkit System 11 Thomas Palazzolo CAT Overview 11 Downloading and Running CAT 14 The Repast Simphony System 15 Knowledge Sources 15 Fitness Functions 18 ConesWorld 19 The Logistics Function 23 CAT Sample Runs: ConesWorld 24 CAT Sample Runs: Other Problems 32 Reference 34 3 Social Learning in Cultural Algorithms with Auctions 35 Robert G. Reynolds and Leonard Kinnaird-Heether Introduction 35 Cultural Algorithms 37 Subcultured Multi-Layered, Deep Heterogeneous Networks 40 Auction Mechanisms 42 The Cultural Engine 45 ConesWorld 47 Experimental Framework 50 Results 50 Conclusions 54 References 55 4 Using Common Value Auction in Cultural Algorithm to Enhance Robustness and Resilience of Social Knowledge Distribution Systems 57 Anas AL-Tirawi and Robert G. Reynolds Cultural Algorithms 57 Common Value Auction 62 ConesWorld 64 Dynamic Experimental Framework 66 Results 67 Conclusions and Future Work 73 References 73 5 Optimizing AI Pipelines: A Game-Theoretic Cultural Algorithms Approach 75 Faisal Waris and Robert G. Reynolds Introduction 75 Overview of Cultural Algorithms 77 CA Knowledge Distribution Mechanisms 78 Primer on Game Theory 80 Game- Theoretic Knowledge Distribution 81 Continuous-Action Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma 82 Test Results: Benchmark Problem 89 Test Results: Computer Vision Pipeline 92 Conclusions 95 References 96 6 Cultural Algorithms for Social Network Analysis: Case Studies in Team Formation 98 Kalyani Selvarajah, Ziad Kobti, and Mehdi Kargar Introduction 98 Application of Social Network 99 Forming Successful Teams 99 Formulating TFP 100 Communication Cost 101 Personnel Cost 101 Distance Cost 102 Workload Balance 102 Why Artificial Intelligence? 103 Cultural Algorithms 103 Forming Teams in Coauthorship Network 104 Individual Representation 105 Fitness Function 107 Belief Space 107 Dataset and Observations 108 Skill Frequency 108 Forming Teams in Health-care Network 108 Individual Representation 113 Fitness Function 114 Dataset and Observation 115 Summary and Conclusion 117 References 117 7 Evolving Emergent Team Strategies in Robotic Soccer using Enhanced Cultural Algorithms 119 Mostafa Z. Ali, Mohammad I. Daoud, Rami Alazrai, and Robert G. Reynolds Introduction 119 Related Work 121 The 2D Soccer Simulation Test Bed 122 Evolution of Team Strategies via Cultural Algorithm 124 Experiments and Analysis of Results 132 Conclusion 138 References 139 8 The Use of Cultural Algorithms to Learn the Impact of Climate on Local Fishing Behavior in Cerro Azul, Peru 143 Khalid Kattan, Robert G. Reynolds, and Samuel Dustin Stanley Introduction 143 An Overview of the Cerro Azul Fishing Dataset 143 Data Mining at the Macro, Meso, and Micro Levels 148 Cultural Algorithms and Multiobjective Optimization 149 The Artisanal Fishing Model 153 The Experimental Results 159 Statistical Validation 163 Conclusions and Future Work 166 References 167 9 CAPSO: A Parallelized Multiobjective Cultural Algorithm Particle Swarm Optimizer 169 Samuel Dustin Stanley, Khalid Kattan, and Robert G. Reynolds Introduction 169 Multiobjective Optimization 170 Cultural Algorithms 171 CAPSO Knowledge Structures 174 Tracking Knowledge Source Progress (Other than Topographic) 176 CAPSO Algorithm Pseudocode 177 Multiple Runs 180 Comparison of Benchmark Problems 180 Overall Summary of Results 192 Other Applications 192 References 193 10 Exploring Virtual Worlds with Cultural Algorithms: Ancient Alpena–Amberley Land Bridge 195 Thomas Palazzolo, Robert G. Reynolds, and Samuel Dustin Stanley Archaeological Challenges 195 Generalized Framework 198 The Land Bridge Hypothesis 199 Origin and Form 204 Putting Data to Work 205 Pathfinding and Planning 215 Identifying Good Locations: The Hotspot Finder 218 Cultural Algorithms 222 Cultural Algorithm Mechanisms 225 The Composition of the Belief Space 226 Future Work 227 Path Planning Strategy 227 Local Tactics 229 Detailed Locational Information 230 Extending the CA 231 Human Presence in the Virtual World 234 Increasing the Complexity 235 Updated Path-Planning Results in Unity 236 The Fully Rendered Land Bridge 237 Pathfinder Mechanisms 239 Results 245 Conclusions 254 References 255 Index 259 DR. ROBERT G. REYNOLDS is a Professor of Computer Science at Wayne State University and a Visiting Research Scientist at the University of Michigan's Museum of Anthropology. In addition to serving as the Computational Intelligence Representative to the IEEE USA Research and Development Committee, he has also been an Associate Editor for eight Intelligent System and IEEE journals.
Full-Stack Web Development with Jakarta EE and Vue.js
Harness the power of Jakarta EE to build sturdy back ends while applying Vue.js on the front end. The demand for modern, high-performing enterprise web applications is growing swiftly. The basic HTML front end is no longer enough to meet customer demands. This book shows you how to unlock professional full-stack web development using Jakarta EE and Vue.js.First, you will review the fundamental concepts of Vue.js and essential features of Jakarta EE. You'll then see how to build web applications through every stage of the process, taking into consideration requirement analysis, data model design, code design, the UI, and technical designs, all the way through to implementation, testing, production deployment, and monitoring. Towards the end of the book, you will also learn about the key design patterns and best practices that underpin professional full-stack web development.Full-stack development is the way forward on the web, and using JakartaEE and Vue.js is a great place to start. Get up-to-speed using this book today.WHAT YOU'LL LEARN* Connect an application's frontend and backend with Vue.js and Jakarta EE* Build enterprise web applications from start to finish* Test, secure and deploy your enterprise web applications* Apply common patterns when building full stack applications* Understand the current IT architecture situation of a company, and define a roadmap to accomplish the company goals* Create decoupled applications using software craftsmanship ideasWHO THIS BOOK IS FORJava/Jakarta EE developers who would like to gain a stronghold on both frontend and backend development. Basic knowledge of Java EE is assumed.Daniel Andres Pelaez Lopez is a software craftsman with 12 years of experience working in the software industry across a variety of domains including the finance, aerospace, entertainment, and government sectors. He is passionate about IT architectures and software development at all levels. He worked as a contractor for Fortune 500 companies like Southwest Airlines and Disney, solving hard problems using the Java ecosystem and participating in the overall solution architecture. He is currently working on Hourly, a fast growing start-up, creating the next generation of payroll systems. He holds a Bachelor's Degree in Computer Science from the University of Quindio, Colombia, and a Master’s Degree in IT Architectures from the University of Los Andes, Colombia. He has participated in all stages of development from software architecture to implementation, from front-end to back-end, using Vue.js, React.js, Java, JavaEE, Spring, AWS infrastructure, and more. He blogs at Coders Tower: https://coderstower.com/ and can be found on Twitter @danielpelaezlo.1. Full Stack Web Development with JakartaEE2. Vue.js as a Front End Layer3. Getting Started with Vue.js4. Requirement Analysis for your Full Stack Web Application.5. Modeling your Entities and Data with JPA6. Designing your Front End UI with Vue.Js Components7. Creating Your Back End with Jakarta EE8. Connecting your UI with Your Back End9. Securing Your Full Stack Application10. Authentication and Authorization11. Design Patterns and Best Practices12. Cloud Architecture Implementation13. Continuous Integration and Deployment14. Testing and Monitoring
LibreOffice 7
Einfacher Einstieg in die kostenlose Alternative zu Microsoft Office Textverarbeitung, Tabellenkalkulation, Datenbankverwaltung, Präsentations- und Zeichenprogramm Schritt für Schritt erklärt Mit praxisnahen Beispielen zum besseren Verständnis Das freie und kostenlose Bürosoftware-Paket LibreOffice 7 bietet Ihnen alles, was Sie auch mit anderen gängigen Office-Paketen machen können. Alle Dateien in den verbreiteten Formaten lassen sich damit öffnen und abspeichern, so dass es auch keinerlei Probleme beim Bearbeiten von Dateien anderer Office-Programme gibt, insbesondere von Word- und Excel-Dokumenten. Mit diesem Buch erhalten Sie als Ein- oder Umsteiger einen umfassenden Überblick über alle wichtigen Programmfunktionen.Der Autor Winfried Seimert zeigt Ihnen anhand vieler Beispiele die vielseitigen Möglichkeiten aller LibreOffice-Programme: Textdokumente mit Writer verfassen, Tabellenkalkulationen mit Calc, Präsentationen mit Impress, Zeichnungen mit Draw oder Datenverwaltung mithilfe von Base. So lernen Sie wichtige Einsatzbereiche von LibreOffice kennen wie zum Beispiel Briefe formatieren, Diagramme erstellen, Formeln darstellen, Präsentationsfolien erstellen oder eine Adress-Datenbank füttern und abfragen. Dieses Wissen wird Ihnen Ihre tägliche Arbeit sehr erleichtern. Aus dem Inhalt: Basiswissen LibreOffice Textdokumente mit Writer Tabellenkalkulationen mit Calc Formeln mit Math Präsentationen mit Impress Zeichnungen mit Draw Datenbanken mit BaseWinfried Seimert ist IT-Dozent, Consultant und Autor zahlreicher Fachbücher insbesondere zu den Themen Software und Betriebssysteme. Dabei hat er immer den Komfort des Anwenders im Blick und erklärt entsprechend praxisnah. So erfreuen sich seine Bücher aufgrund ihrer durchdachten Struktur bereits seit Mitte der neunziger Jahre großer Beliebtheit.
PHP 8 Quick Scripting Reference
This pocket reference has been updated with the new PHP 8 release. It is a condensed, code-rich scripting and syntax handbook for the PHP scripting language. You won’t find any technical jargon, bloated samples, drawn-out history lessons or witty stories in this book. What you will find is a web scripting language reference that is concise, to the point, and highly accessible. The book is packed with useful information and is a must-have for any PHP programmer or web developer. In it, you will find a concise reference to the PHP 8 scripting language syntax. It includes short, simple, and focused code examples; a well-laid-out table of contents; and a comprehensive index allowing easy review.PHP 8 Quick Scripting Reference presents the essentials of PHP in a well-organized format, including new features in PHP 8 such as the just in time (JIT) compiler, union types, nullsafe operator, null coalescing assignment operator, match expressions, named arguments, throw expressions, static return type, non-capturing catches, reclassified engine warnings and constructor property promotion.WHAT YOU WILL LEARN* Discover what is new in PHP 8 and how to get started with it* Work with variables, operators, strings, arrays, conditionals, loops, and other constructs* Group and reuse code with functions, methods, and namespaces* Use object-oriented features such as classes, inheritance, abstract classes, and interfaces* Import files and retrieve user dataMake use of type declarations and type conversions * Test variables, create references, and use overloading methods* Store user data with cookies and sessions* Deal with errors through error handling, exception handling, and assertionsWHO THIS BOOK IS FORExperienced PHP programmers and web developers who may be new to PHP.Mikael Olsson is a professional web entrepreneur, programmer, and author. He works for an R&D company in Finland where he specializes in software development. In his spare time he writes books and creates websites that summarize various fields of interest. The books he writes are focused on teaching their subject in the most efficient way possible, by explaining only what is relevant and practical without any unnecessary repetition or theory.1. Using PHP2. Variables3. Operators4. Strings5. Arrays6. Conditionals7. Loops8. Functions9. Class10. Inheritance11. Access Levels12. Static13. Constants14. Interface15. Abstracts16. Traits17. Importing Files18. Type Declarations19. Type Conversions20. Variable Testing21. Overloading22. Magic Methods23. User Input24. Cookies25. Sessions26. Namespaces27. References28. Advanced Variables29. Error Handling30. Exception Handling31. Assertions
Untersuchung von transienten Interferenzeffekten in einem Freistrahlwindkanal für Automobile
Der Fahrzeugwindkanal gehört in der Automobilindustrie zu den teuersten und meistgenutzten Prüfständen, seine Strömungsvorgänge sind hochkomplex und teilweise immer noch unklar. Christoph Schönleber verbessert mit seiner Studie das grundlegende Verständnis der Strömungsvorgänge im Windkanal und gibt Empfehlungen, wie Fehlmessungen durch Anregung von Instabilitäten verhindert werden können. Für seine Untersuchungen hat er unterschiedliche messtechnische Werkzeuge und Methoden verknüpft und durch den Einsatz von numerischer Simulation bestätigt. Stand der Technik und theoretische Grundlagen.- Prüfstände und Simulationsumgebung.- Experimentelle und simulative Ergebnisse sowie deren Bewertung und Diskussion.
C++ All-in-One For Dummies
GET READY FOR C++20 WITH ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW FOR COMPLETE MASTERY!Your comprehensive and updated guide to one of the world’s most popular programming languages is here! Whether you’re a novice or expert, you’ll find what you need to get going with the latest features of C++20. The workhorse of programming languages, C++ gives you the utmost control of data usage and interface and resource allocation. If your job involves data, proficiency in C++ means you’re indispensable!This edition gives you 8 books in 1 for total C++ mastery. Inside, internationally renowned expert John Paul Mueller takes you from the fundamentals of working with objects and classes to writing applications that use paradigms not normally associated with C++, such as those used for functional programming strategies. The book also includes online resources such as source code. You discover how to use a C++ GNU compiler to build applications and even how to use your mobile device for coding.* Conquer advanced programming and troubleshooting * Streamline your code with lambda expressions* Use C++ where you need it: for gaming, enterprise applications, and Web services* Uncover object secrets including the use of design patterns * Discover how to use functional programming techniques to make code concise and easy to readIf you want to be your organization’s C++ guru, C++ All-In-One for Dummies is where it’s at!JOHN PAUL MUELLER has produced 116 books and more than 600 articles on a range of topics that include functional programming techniques, application devel- opment using C++, and machine learning methodologies. INTRODUCTION 1About This Book 1Foolish Assumptions 4Icons Used in This Book 4Beyond the Book 5Where to Go from Here 6BOOK 1: GETTING STARTED WITH C++ 7CHAPTER 1: CONFIGURING YOUR DESKTOP SYSTEM 9Obtaining a Copy of C++ 20 10Obtaining Code::Blocks 11Installing Code::Blocks 12Working with Windows 12Working with Mac OS X 13Using the standard Linux installation 14Using the graphical Linux installation 15Touring the Essential Code::Blocks Features 17Starting Code::Blocks for the first time 18Opening the sample projects 19Viewing the essential windows 20Using Other IDEs 25CHAPTER 2: CONFIGURING YOUR MOBILE SYSTEM 27Obtaining CppDroid 28Understanding why CppDroid is such a great choice 29Getting your copy of CppDroid 31Ensuring you get a good install 32Considering Other Alternatives 32Working with C4Droid 33Getting multiple language support with AIDE 33Using web-based IDEs 34Touring the Essential CppDroid Features 35Getting started with CppDroid 35Accessing an example 37Working with a simple online project 37Accessing your source code 38Considering differences with the desktop environment 39Obtaining CppDroid Help 40Working with the Help documentation 40Getting community support 41Using the free examples 42Accessing the tutorials 43CHAPTER 3: CREATING YOUR FIRST C++ APPLICATION 45Code::Blocks Creating a Project 46Understanding projects 46Defining your first project 47Building and executing your first application 52Typing the Code 53Starting with Main 55Showing Information 55Doing some math 60Tabbing your output 66Let Your Application Run Away 67CHAPTER 4: STORING DATA IN C++ 69Putting Your Data Places: Variables 70Creating an integer variable 70Declaring multiple variables 73Changing values 74Setting one variable equal to another 74Initializing a variable 75Creating a great name for yourself 76Manipulating Integer Variables 78Adding integer variables 78Subtracting integer variables 82Multiplying integer variables 84Dividing integer variables 86Characters 88Null character 89Nonprintable and other cool characters 89Strings 93Getting a part of a string 94Changing part of a string 95Adding onto a string 96Adding two strings 97Making Decisions Using Conditional Operators 98Telling the Truth with Boolean Variables 100Reading from the Console 102CHAPTER 5: DIRECTING THE APPLICATION FLOW 105Doing This or Doing That 106Evaluating Conditions in C++ 107Finding the right C++ operators 108Combining multiple evaluations 110Including Evaluations in C++ Conditional Statements 111Deciding what if and also what else 112Going further with the else and if 113Repeating Actions with Statements That Loop 115Understanding how computers use loops 116Looping situations 116Looping for 117Performing a simple for loop 118Using multiple initialization variables 123Working with ranges 126Placing a condition within the declaration 128Letting C++ determine the type 129Looping while 130Doing while 132Breaking and continuing 133Breaking 134Continuing 135Nesting loops 136CHAPTER 6: DIVIDING YOUR WORK WITH FUNCTIONS 139Dividing Your Work 139Calling a Function 144Passing a variable 146Passing multiple variables 147Writing Your Own Functions 148Defining the AddOne() function 149Seeing how AddOne() is called 150Taking the AddOne() Function apart 150Considering the AddOne() parameter 151Understanding the AddOne() name and type 152Improving On the Basic Function 153Using multiple parameters or no parameters 153Returning nothing 156Keeping your variables local 157Forward references and function prototypes 159Writing two versions of the same function 161Calling All String Functions 163Inserting a string into a string 163Removing parts of a string 164Replacing parts of a string 164Using the string functions together 164Understanding main() 165CHAPTER 7: SPLITTING UP SOURCE CODE FILES 169Creating Multiple Source Files 170Adding a new source code file 170Removing an existing source code file 173Creating a project with multiple existing files 173Getting multiple files to interact 177Sharing with Header Files 179Adding the header only once 182Using angle brackets or quotes 182Sharing Variables among Source Files 183Using the Mysterious Header Wrappers 185CHAPTER 8: REFERRING TO YOUR DATA THROUGH POINTERS 187Understanding the Changes in Pointers for C++ 20 188Avoiding broken code 188Considering the issues 189Writing cleaner and less bug-prone code 191Heaping and Stacking the Variables 192Getting a variable’s address 196Changing a variable by using a pointer 198Pointing at a string 200Pointing to something else 203Tips on pointer variables 204Creating New Raw Pointers 205Using new 206Using an initializer 208Freeing Raw Pointers 209Working with Smart Pointers 211Creating smart pointers using std::unique_ptr and std::shared_ptr 212Defining nullable values using std::optional and std::nullopt 216Passing Pointer Variables to Functions 218Returning Pointer Variables from Functions 221PART 2: UNDERSTANDING OBJECTS AND CLASSES 225CHAPTER 1: WORKING WITH CLASSES 227Understanding Objects and Classes 227Classifying classes and objects 230Describing methods and data 231Implementing a class 232Separating method code 237The parts of a class 240Working with a Class 241Accessing members 241Using classes and raw pointers 244Using classes and smart pointers 248Passing objects to functions 249Using const parameters in functions 251Using the this pointer 252Overloading methods 256Starting and Ending with Constructors and Destructors 259Starting with constructors 259Ending with destructors 260Sampling constructors and destructors 260Adding parameters to constructors 263Building Hierarchies of Classes 264Creating a hierarchy in C++ 265Understanding types of inheritance 266Creating and Using Object Aliases 267CHAPTER 2: USING ADVANCED C++ FEATURES 269Filling Your Code with Comments 270Converting Types 272Understanding how int and string conversions work 272Seeing int and string conversions in action 273Considering other conversion issues 276Reading from the Console 277Understanding Preprocessor Directives 282Understanding the basics of preprocessing 282Creating constants and macros with #define 283Performing conditional compilation 286Exercising the basic preprocessor directives 288Using Constants 292Using Switch Statements 295Supercharging enums with Classes 298Working with Random Numbers 300Storing Data in Arrays 302Declaring and accessing an array 303Arrays of pointers 304Passing arrays to functions 306Adding and subtracting pointers 307CHAPTER 3: PLANNING AND BUILDING OBJECTS 309Recognizing Objects 310Observing the Mailboxes class 312Observing the Mailbox class 314Finding other objects 315Encapsulating Objects 316Considering the Application Programming Interface 316Understanding properties 316Choosing between private and protected 318Defining a process 318Implementing properties 319Building Hierarchies 322Establishing a hierarchy 322Protecting members when inheriting 324Overriding methods 330Specializing with polymorphism 332Getting abstract about things 333CHAPTER 4: BUILDING WITH DESIGN PATTERNS 335Delving Into Pattern History 336Introducing a Simple Pattern: the Singleton 337Using an existing pattern 337Creating a singleton pattern class 338Watching an Instance with an Observer 341Understanding the observer pattern 341Defining an observer pattern class 343Observers and the Standard C++ Library 346Automatically adding an observer 347Mediating with a Pattern 349Defining the mediator pattern scenario 350Outlining the car example 351Creating the car example 354BOOK 3: UNDERSTANDING FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMMING 367CHAPTER 1: CONSIDERING FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMMING 369Understanding How Functional Programming Differs 370Defining an Impure Language 373Considering the requirements 373Understanding the C++ functional limitations 374Seeing Data as Immutable 375Working with immutable variables 376Working with immutability in classes and structures 377Creating constant expressions 378Considering the Effects of State 381Eliminating Side Effects 382Contrasting declarations and functions 383Associating functions with side effects 384Removing side effects 385Creating a declarative C++ example 387Understanding the Role of auto 388Passing Functions to Functions 390Seeing a simple example of function input 391Using transforms 393Using Lambda Expressions for Implementation 394CHAPTER 2: WORKING WITH LAMBDA EXPRESSIONS 397Creating More Readable and Concise C++ Code 398Defining the Essential Lambda Expression 399Defining the parts of a lambda expression 399Relying on computer detection of return type 401Using the auto keyword with lambda expressions 404Using lambda expressions as macros 405Developing with Lambda Expressions 406Using lambda expressions with classes and structures 407Working with the capture clause 408Sorting data using a lambda expression 411Specifying that the lambda expression throws exceptions 413CHAPTER 3: ADVANCED LAMBDA EXPRESSIONS 415Considering the C++ 20 Lambda Extensions 416Defining an immediate function 416Using = and this in captures 417Finding other changes 418Working in Unevaluated Contexts 418Using Assignable Stateless Lambda Expressions 420Dealing with Pack Expansions 422Considering the template 422Processing the variables using recursion 423Processing the variables using a lambda expression 424BOOK 4: FIXING PROBLEMS 427CHAPTER 1: DEALING WITH BUGS 429It’s Not a Bug It’s a Feature! 430Make Your Application Features Look Like Features 431Anticipating (Almost) Everything 432Considering menus 432Dealing with textual input 435Performing string processing 437Avoiding Mistakes, Plain and Simple 441CHAPTER 2: DEBUGGING AN APPLICATION 443Programming with Debuggers 444Running the debugger 446Recognizing the parts of the Code::Blocks debugger 453Debugging with Different Tools 455Debugging a Code::Blocks Application with Command-Line Arguments 456CHAPTER 3: STOPPING AND INSPECTING YOUR CODE 457Setting and Disabling Breakpoints 458Setting a breakpoint in Code::Blocks 459Enabling and disabling breakpoints 460Watching, Inspecting, and Changing Variables 463Watching the variables 465Changing values 466CHAPTER 4: TRAVELING ABOUT THE STACK 469Stacking Your Data 470Moving about the stack 471Storing local variables 473Debugging with Advanced Features 475Viewing threads 475Tracing through assembly code 475BOOK 5: ADVANCED PROGRAMMING 479CHAPTER 1: WORKING WITH ARRAYS, POINTERS, AND REFERENCES 481Building Up Arrays 482Declaring arrays 482Arrays and pointers 484Using multidimensional arrays 488Arrays and command-line parameters 492Allocating an array on the heap 494Deleting an array from the heap 494Storing arrays of pointers and arrays of arrays 495Building constant arrays 498Pointing with Pointers 498Becoming horribly complex 499Pointers to functions 505Pointing a variable to a method 506Pointing to static methods 509Referring to References 510Reference variables 510Returning a reference from a function 511CHAPTER 2: CREATING DATA STRUCTURES 515Working with Data 515The great variable roundup 516Expressing variables from either side 518Casting a spell on your data 520Comparing casting and converting 521Casting safely with C++ 523Structuring Your Data 529Structures as component data types 531Equating structures 531Returning compound data types 532Naming Your Space 534Creating a namespace 534Employing using namespace 535Using variables 537Using part of a namespace 538CHAPTER 3: CONSTRUCTORS, DESTRUCTORS, AND EXCEPTIONS 541Constructing and Destructing Objects 542Overloading constructors 542Initializing members 543Adding a default constructor 548Functional constructors 550Calling one constructor from another 553Copying instances with copy constructors 555When constructors go bad 557Destroying your instances 558Virtually inheriting destructors 560Programming the Exceptions to the Rule 563Creating a basic try catch block 563Using multiple catch blocks 565Throwing direct instances 566Catching any exception 567Rethrowing an exception 568Using a standard category 570CHAPTER 4: ADVANCED CLASS USAGE 571Inherently Inheriting Correctly 572Morphing your inheritance 572Avoiding polymorphism 573Adjusting access 574Avoiding variable naming conflicts 575Using class-based access adjustment 576Returning something different, virtually speaking 577Multiple inheritance 581Virtual inheritance 584Friend classes and functions 588Using Classes and Types within Classes 591Nesting a class 591Types within classes 597CHAPTER 5: CREATING CLASSES WITH TEMPLATES 601Templatizing a Class 602Considering types 602Defining the need for templates 602Creating and using a template 605Understanding the template keyword 607Going Beyond the Basics 609Separating a template from the function code 609Including static members in a template 611Parameterizing a Template 612Putting different types in the parameter 613Including multiple parameters 616Working with non-type parameters 619Typedefing a Template 622Deriving Templates 623Deriving classes from a class template 623Deriving a class template from a class 626Deriving a class template from a class template 627Templatizing a Function 630Overloading and function templates 632Templatizing a method 635CHAPTER 6: PROGRAMMING WITH THE STANDARD LIBRARY 637Architecting the Standard Library 638Containing Your Classes 638Storing in a vector 639Working with std::array 642Mapping your data 643Containing instances, pointers, or references 644Working with copies 648Comparing instances 649Iterating through a container 655A map of pairs in your hand 658The Great Container Showdown 658Associating and storing with a set 658Unionizing and intersecting sets 662Listing with list 664Stacking the deque 669Waiting in line with stacks and queues 670Copying Containers 673Creating and Using Dynamic Arrays 675Working with Unordered Data 677Using std::unordered_set to create an unordered set 677Manipulating unordered sets 677Working with Ranges 679BOOK 6: READING AND WRITING FILES 681CHAPTER 1: FILING INFORMATION WITH THE STREAMS LIBRARY 683Seeing a Need for Streams 684Programming with the Streams Library 686Getting the right header file 686Opening a file 687Reading from a file 690Reading and writing a file 691Working with containers 692Handling Errors When Opening a File 693Flagging the ios Flags 695CHAPTER 2: WRITING WITH OUTPUT STREAMS 697Inserting with the
Programming Kotlin Applications
LEARN TO PROGRAM WITH KOTLIN, ONE OF THE FASTEST-GROWING PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES AVAILABLE TODAYProgramming Kotlin Applications: Building Mobile and Server-Side Applications with Kotlin drops readers into the fast lane for learning to develop with the Kotlin programming language. Authored by accomplished cloud consultant and technology professional Brett McLaughlin, Programming Kotlin Applications provides readers with the pragmatic and practical advice they need to build their very first Kotlin applications.Designed to give readers a thorough understanding of Kotlin that goes beyond mere mobile programming, this book will help you:* Learn how to develop your first Kotlin project* Understand how Kotlin securely protects and stores information* Advocate for using Kotlin in your own professional and personal environments* Understand Kotlin's goals and how to use it as its best* Know when to avoid using KotlinProgramming Kotlin Applications is written in a highly approachable and accessible way without the fluff and unrealistic samples that characterize some of its competitor guides. Perfect for developers familiar with another object-oriented programming language like Java or Ruby, or for people who want to advance their skillset in the Kotlin environment, this book is an indispensable addition to any programmer’s library.About the author BRETT MCLAUGHLIN has over two decades of experience working and writing in technology. He focuses on cloud and enterprise computing and has become a recognized and trusted name in helping organizations migrate to the cloud, especially with Amazon Web Services. He has led large-scale cloud migrations for NASA's Earth Science program as well as the RockCreek Group's financial platform. He is a sought-after speaker, author, and educator. Visit us at wrox.com for free code samples. Introduction xxvCHAPTER 1: OBJECTS ALL THE WAY DOWN 1Kotlin: A New Programming Language 1What is Kotlin? 2What Does Kotlin Add to Java? 3Kotlin is Object-Oriented 3Interlude: Set Up Your Kotlin Environment 4Install Kotlin (and an IDE) 4Install IntelliJ 5Create Your Kotlin Program 8Compile and Run Your Kotlin Program 9Fix Any Errors as They Appear 10Install Kotlin (and Use the Command Line) 10Command-Line Kotlin on Windows 10Command-Line Kotlin on Mac OS X 11Command-Line Kotlin on UNIX-Based Systems 12Verify Your Command-Line Installation 12Creating Useful Objects 13Pass In Values to an Object Using Its Constructor 13Print an Object with toString() 14Terminology Update: Functions and Methods 15Print an Object (and Do It with Shorthand) 15Override the toString() Method 16All Data is Not a Property Value 17Initialize an Object and Change a Variable 19Initialize a Class with a Block 19Kotlin Auto-Generates Getters and Setters 20Terminology Update: Getters, Setters, Mutators, Accessors 20Constants Can’t Change (Sort of) 21CHAPTER 2: IT’S HARD TO BREAK KOTLIN 25Upgrade Your Kotlin Class Game 25Name a File According to Its Class 26Organize Your Classes with Packages 27Put Person in a Package 28Classes: The Ultimate Type in Kotlin 31Kotlin Has a Large Number of Types 31Numbers in Kotlin 31Letters and Things 32Truth or Fiction 33Types Aren’t Interchangeable (Part 1) 33You Must Initialize Your Properties 34Types Aren’t Interchangeable (Part 2) 35You Can Explicitly Tell Kotlin What Type to Use 36Try to Anticipate How Types Will Be Used 37It’s Easy to Break Kotlin (Sort of) 37Overriding Property Accessors and Mutators 37Custom-Set Properties Can’t Be in a Primary Constructor 38Move Properties Out of Your Primary Constructors 38Initialize Properties Immediately 39Try to Avoid Overusing Names 41Override Mutators for Certain Properties 41Classes Can Have Custom Behavior 43Define a Custom Method on Your Class 43Every Property Must Be Initialized 44Assign an Uninitialized Property a Dummy Value 45Tell Kotlin You’ll Initialize a Property Later 45Assign Your Property the Return Value from a Function 46Sometimes You Don’t Need a Property! 47TYPE SAFETY CHANGES EVERYTHING 49Writing Code is Rarely Linear 49CHAPTER 3: KOTLIN IS EXTREMELY CLASSY 51Objects, Classes, and Kotlin 51All Classes Need an equals(x) Method 52Equals(x) is Used to Compare Two Objects 52Override equals(x) to Make It Meaningful 54Every Object is a Particular Type 56A Brief Introduction to Null 58Every Object Instance Needs a Unique hashCode() 59All Classes Inherit from Any 59Always Override hashCode() and equals(x) 61Default Hash Codes Are Based on Memory Location 63Use Hash Codes to Come Up with Hash Codes 63Searching (and Other Things) Depend on Useful and Fast equals(x) and hashCode() 64Multiple Properties to Differentiate Them in hashCode() 65Use == over equals(x) for Speed 66A Quick Speed Check on hashCode() 66Basic Class Methods Are Really Important 67CHAPTER 4: INHERITANCE MATTERS 69Good Classes Are Not Always Complex Classes 69Keep It Simple, Stupid 70Keep It Flexible, Stupid 71Classes Can Define Default Values for Properties 73Constructors Can Accept Default Values 74Kotlin Expects Arguments in Order 74Specify Arguments by Name 74Change the Order of Arguments (If You Need) 75Secondary Constructors Provide Additional Construction Options 76Secondary Constructors Come Second 76Secondary Constructors Can Assign Property Values 77You Can Assign null to a Property . . . Sometimes 79null Properties Can Cause Problems 81Handle Dependent Values with Custom Mutators 82Set Dependent Values in a Custom Mutator 82All Property Assignments Use the Property’s Mutator 83Nullable Values Can Be Set to null! 84Limit Access to Dependent Values 86When Possible, Calculate Dependent Values 87You Can Avoid Parentheses with a Read-Only Property 88Need Specifics? Consider a Subclass 91Any is the Base Class for Everything in Kotlin 91{ . . . } Is Shorthand for Collapsed Code 93A Class Must Be Open for Subclassing 94Terminology: Subclass, Inherit, Base Class, and More 95A Subclass Must Follow Its Superclass’s Rules 96A Subclass Gets Behavior from All of Its Superclasses 96Your Subclass Should Be Different Than Your Superclass 97Subclass Constructors Often Add Arguments 97Don’t Make Mutable What Isn’t Mutable 98Sometimes Objects Don’t Exactly Map to the Real World 99Generally, Objects Should Map to the Real World 99CHAPTER 5: LISTS AND SETS AND MAPS, OH MY! 101Lists Are Just a Collection of Things 101Kotlin Lists: One Type of Collection 101Collection is a Factory for Collection Objects 102Collection is Automatically Available to Your Code 104Mutating a Mutable List 105Getting Properties from a Mutable List 105Lists (and Collections) Can Be Typed 106Give Your Lists Types 107Iterate over Your Lists 108Kotlin Tries to Figure Out What You Mean 111Lists Are Ordered and Can Repeat 111Order Gives You Ordered Access 112Lists Can Contain Duplicate Items 112Sets: Unordered but Unique 113In Sets, Ordering is Not Guaranteed 114When Does Order Matter? 115Sort Lists (and Sets) on the Fly 115Sets: No Duplicates, No Matter What 116Sets “Swallow Up” Duplicates 116Sets Use equals(x) to Determine Existing Membership 116Using a Set? Check equals(x) 119Iterators Aren’t (Always) Mutable 119Maps: When a Single Value Isn’t Enough 119Maps Are Created by Factories 120Use Keys to Find Values 120How Do You Want Your Value? 121Filter a Collection by . . . Anything 121Filter Based on a Certain Criterion 122Filter Has a Number of Useful Variations 123Collections: For Primitive and Custom Types 123Add a Collection to Person 124Allow Collections to Be Added to Collection Properties 126Sets and MutableSets Aren’t the Same 127Collection Properties Are Just Collections 128CHAPTER 6: THE FUTURE (IN KOTLIN) IS GENERIC 129Generics Allow Deferring of a Type 129Collections Are Generic 129Parameterized Types Are Available Throughout a Class 130Generic: What Exactly Does It Refer To? 131Generics Try to Infer a Type When Possible 132Kotlin Looks for Matching Types 132Kotlin Looks for the Narrowest Type 132Sometimes Type Inference is Wrong 133Don’t Assume You Know Object Intent 133Kotlin Doesn’t Tell You the Generic Type 134Just Tell Kotlin What You Want! 134Covariance: A Study in Types and Assignment 134What about Generic Types? 135Some Languages Take Extra Work to Be Covariant 137Kotlin Actually Takes Extra Work to Be Covariant, Too 137Sometimes You Have to Make Explicit What is Obvious 137Covariant Types Limit the Input Type as Well as the Output Type 137Covariance is Really about Making Inheritance Work the Way You Expect 138Contravariance: Building Consumers from Generic Types 138Contravariance: Limiting What Comes Out Rather Than What Comes In 139Contravariance Works from a Base Class Down to a Subclass 141Contravariant Classes Can’t Return a Generic Type 141Does Any of This Really Matter? 142Unsafevariance: Learning The Rules, then Breaking Them 142Typeprojection Lets You Deal with Base Classes 143Variance Can Affect Functions, Not Just Classes 143Type Projection Tells Kotlin to Allow Subclasses as Input for a Base Class 144Producers Can’t Consume and Consumers Can’t Produce 145Variance Can’t Solve Every Problem 145CHAPTER 7: FLYING THROUGH CONTROL STRUCTURES 147Control Structures Are the Bread and Butter of Programming 147If and Else: The Great Decision Point 148!! Ensures Non-Nullable Values 148Control Structures Affect the Flow of Your Code 149if and else Follow a Basic Structure 150Expressions and if Statements 151Use the Results of an if Statement Directly 152Kotlin Has No Ternary Operator 153A Block Evaluates to the Last Statement in That Block 153if Statements That Are Assigned Must Have else Blocks 154When is Kotlin’s Version of Switch 154Each Comparison or Condition is a Code Block 155Handle Everything Else with an else Block 156Each Branch Can Support a Range 157Each Branch Usually Has a Partial Expression 158Branch Conditions Are Checked Sequentially 159Branch Conditions Are Just Expressions 159When Can Be Evaluated as a Statement, Too 160For is for Looping 161For in Kotlin Requires an Iterator 162You Do Less, Kotlin Does More 163For Has Requirements for Iteration 163You Can Grab Indices Instead of Objects with for 164Use While to Execute until a Condition is False 167While is All about a Boolean Condition 167A Wrinkle in while: Multiple Operators, One Variable 168Combine Control Structures for More Interesting Solutions 169Do . . . While Always Runs Once 170Every do . . . while Loop Can Be Written as a while Loop 170If Something Must Happen, Use do . . . while 171do . . . while Can Be a Performance Consideration 175Get Out of a Loop Immediately with Break 176Break Skips What’s Left in a Loop 176You Can Use a Label with break 177Go to the Next Iteration Immediately with Continue 178Continue Works with Labels as Well 179If versus continue: Mostly Style over Substance 179Return Returns 180CHAPTER 8: DATA CLASSES 183Classes in the Real World Are Varied but Well Explored 183Many Classes Share Common Characteristics 183Common Characteristics Result in Common Usage 185A Data Class Takes the Work Out of a Class Focused on Data 185Data Classes Handle the Basics of Data for You 185The Basics of Data Includes hashCode() and equals(x) 186Destructuring Data through Declarations 188Grab the Property Values from a Class Instance 188Destructuring Declarations Aren’t Particularly Clever 189Kotlin is Using componentN() Methods to Make Declarations Work 190You Can Add componentN() Methods to Any Class 191If You Can Use a Data Class, You Should 192You Can “Copy” an Object or Make a Copy Of an Object 192Using = Doesn’t Actually Make a Copy 192If You Want a Real Copy, Use copy() 193Data Classes Require Several Things from You 194Data Classes Require Parameters and val or var 194Data Classes Cannot Be Abstract, Open, Sealed, or Inner 195Data Classes Add Special Behavior to Generated Code 195You Can Override Compiler-Generated Versions of Many Standard Methods 196Supertype Class Functions Take Precedence 196Data Classes Only Generate Code for Constructor Parameters 197Only Constructor Parameters Are Used in equals() 199Data Classes Are Best Left Alone 200CHAPTER 9: ENUMS AND SEALED, MORE SPECIALTY CLASSES 203Strings Are Terrible as Static Type Representations 203Strings Are Terrible Type Representations 204Capitalization Creates Comparison Problems 205This Problem Occurs All the Time 206String Constants Can Help . . . Some 206Companion Objects Are Single Instance 207Constants Must Be Singular 208Companion Objects Are Singletons 209Companion Objects Are Still Objects 210You Can Use Companion Objects without Their Names 211Using a Companion Object’s Name is Optional 211Using a Companion Object’s Name is Stylistic 213Companion Object Names Are Hard 214You Can Skip the Companion Object Name Altogether 215Enums Define Constants and Provide Type Safety 216Enums Classes Provide Type-Safe Values 216Enums Classes Are Still Classes 218Enums Give You the Name and Position of Constants 219Each Constant in an enum is an Object 219Each Constant Can Override Class-Level Behavior 220Sealed Classes Are Type-Safe Class Hierarchies 221Enums and Class Hierarchies Work for Shared Behavior 222Sealed Classes Address Fixed Options and Non-Shared Behavior 222Sealed Classes Don’t Have Shared Behavior 223Sealed Classes Have a Fixed Number of Subclasses 224Subclasses of a Sealed Class Don’t Always Define Behavior 225when Requires All Sealed Subclasses to Be Handled 225when Expressions Must Be Exhaustive for Sealed Classes 226else Clauses Usually Don’t Work for Sealed Classes 228else Clauses Hide Unimplemented Subclass Behavior 229CHAPTER 10: FUNCTIONS AND FUNCTIONS AND FUNCTIONS 233Revisiting the Syntax of a Function 233Functions Follow a Basic Formula 233Function Arguments Also Have a Pattern 235Default Values in Constructors Are Inherited 237Default Values in Functions Are Inherited 238Default Values in Functions Cannot Be Overridden 239Default Values Can Affect Calling Functions 239Calling Functions Using Named Arguments is Flexible 241Function Arguments Can’t Be Null Unless You Say So 241Functions Follow Flexible Rules 243Functions Actually Return Unit by Default 243Functions Can Be Single Expressions 244Single-Expression Functions Don’t Have Curly Braces 245Single-Expression Functions Don’t Use the return Keyword 246Single-Expression Functions Can Infer a Return Type 246Type Widening Results in the Widest Type Being Returned 248Functions Can Take Variable Numbers of Arguments 249A vararg Argument Can Be Treated Like an Array 251Functions in Kotlin have Scope 251Local Functions Are Functions Inside Functions 252Member Functions Are Defined in a Class 252Extension Functions Extend Existing Behavior without Inheritance 253Extend an Existing Closed Class Using Dot Notation 253this Gives You Access to the Extension Class 255Function Literals: Lambdas and Anonymous Functions 257Anonymous Functions Don’t Have Names 257You Can Assign a Function to a Variable 258Executable Code Makes for an “Executable” Variable 259Higher-Order Functions Accept Functions as Arguments 260The Result of a Function is Not a Function 260Function Notation Focuses on Input and Output 261You Can Define a Function Inline 263Lambda Expressions Are Functions with Less Syntax 264You Can Omit Parameters Altogether 266Lambda Expressions Use it for Single Parameters 266It Makes Lambdas Work More Smoothly 267Lambda Expressions Return the Last Execution Result 267Trailing Functions as Arguments to Other Functions 268Lots of Functions, Lots of Room for Problems 268CHAPTER 11: SPEAKING IDIOMATIC KOTLIN 271Scope Functions Provide Context to Code 271Use Let to Provide Immediate Access to an Instance 272let Gives You it to Access an Instance 273The Scoped Code Blocks Are Actually Lambdas 274let and Other Scope functions Are Largely about Convenience 275You Can Chain Scoped Function Calls 275An Outer it “Hides” an Inner it 276Chaining Scope Functions and Nesting Scope Functions Are Not the Same 277Nesting Scope Functions Requires Care in Naming 277Chaining Scope Functions is Simpler and Cleaner 278Prefer Chaining over Nesting 279Many Chained Functions Start with a Nested Function 280You Can Scope Functions to Non-Null Results 280Accepting null Values Isn’t a Great Idea 282Scope Functions Give You Null Options 282Scope Functions Work on Other Functions . . . In Very Particular Ways 284With is a Scope Function for Processing an Instance 287with Uses this as Its Object Reference 287A this Reference is Always Available 288with Returns the Result of the Lambda 289Run is a Code Runner and Scope Function 289Choosing a Scope Function is a Matter of Style and Preference 290run Doesn’t Have to Operate on an Object Instance 291Apply Has a Context Object but No Return Value 292apply Operates Upon an Instance 292apply Returns the Context Object, Not the Lambda Result 293?: is Kotlin’s Elvis Operator 293Also Gives You an Instance . . . but Operates on the Instance First 294also is Just Another Scope Function 295also Executes before Assignment 296Scope Functions Summary 298CHAPTER 12: INHERITANCE, ONE MORE TIME, WITH FEELING 303Abstract Classes Require a Later Implementation 303Abstract Classes Cannot Be Instantiated 304Abstract Classes Define a Contract with Subclasses 306Abstract Classes Can Define Concrete Properties and Functions 308Subclasses Fulfill the Contract Written by an Abstract Class 310Subclasses Should Vary Behavior 310The Contract Allows for Uniform Treatment of Subclasses 311Interfaces Define Behavior but Have No Body 313Interfaces and Abstract Classes Are Similar 315Interfaces Cannot Maintain State 316A Class’s State is the Values of Its Properties 317An Interface Can Have Fixed Values 317Interfaces Can Define Function Bodies 318Interfaces Allow Multiple Forms of Implementation 319A Class Can Implement Multiple Interfaces 320Interface Property Names Can Get Confusing 321Interfaces Can Decorate a Class 321Delegation Offers Another Option for Extending Behavior 322Abstract Classes Move from Generic to Specific 322More Specificity Means More Inheritance 324Delegating to a Property 326Delegation Occurs at Instantiation 329Inheritance Requires Forethought and Afterthought 330CHAPTER 13: KOTLIN: THE NEXT STEP 331Programming Kotlin for Android 331Kotlin for Android is Still Just Kotlin 331Move from Concept to Example 333Kotlin and Java Are Great Companions 333Your IDE is a Key Component 333Kotlin is Compiled to Bytecode for the Java Virtual Machine 335Gradle Gives You Project Build Capabilities 335When Kotlin Questions Still Exist 335Use the Internet to Supplement Your Own Needs and Learning Style 336Now What? 337Index 339
Modern PyQt
Dive into GUI application development and create useful applications for practical and relevant topics in the fields of business, computer science, and research. This book uses a realistic approach to help get you started designing and building the applications you need while learning new tools along the way.PyQt has a vast collection of tools that you can use to create GUIs, many of which seem to go unexplored. In Modern PyQt, you will go beyond some of the fundamental topics of GUI development in order to begin building useful desktop applications. Through extensive examples and hands-on projects, you will explore how to make applications for data analysis and visualization using graphs, computer vision with OpenCV and PyQt, the basics of networking, handling databases with SQL, and more!Whether you are looking for new ideas to practice your skills as a programmer or you have a specific goal in mind and need some help to get your ideas off the ground, there is something in Modern PyQt for you!WHAT YOU WILL LEARN* Create cross-platform GUIs with Python and PyQt.* Understand the important PyQt classes, widgets, and concepts needed for building interactive and practical applications. * Find out how to embed useful Python modules into your applications to create more advanced GUIs. * Build useful applications that you can improve or make into something completely new with Python and PyQt.WHO THIS BOOK IS FORIntermediate level programmers or above in Python. GUI developers with some experience designing GUIs. Even if they have never used PyQt before, the concepts learned from other toolkits, such as Tkinter or wxPython, can be carried over for developing applications with using PyQt.Joshua Willman began using Python in 2015 when he needed to build neural networks using machine learning libraries for image classification. While building large image data sets for his research, he needed to build a GUI that would simplify the workload and labeling process, which introduced him to PyQt. Since then, he has tried to dive into everything that is Python. He currently works as a Python developer, building projects to help others learn more about coding in Python for game development, AI and machine learning, and programming using micro-controllers. More recently, he set up the site redhuli.io to explore his and others’ interests in utilizing programming for creativity.He is also the author of Beginning PyQt: A Hands-on Approach to GUI Programming.
Fog, Edge, and Pervasive Computing in Intelligent IoT Driven Applications
A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO THE DESIGN, IMPLEMENTATION, EVALUATION, AND DEPLOYMENT OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR INTELLIGENT IOT APPLICATIONSWith the rapid development in artificially intelligent and hybrid technologies, IoT, edge, fog-driven, and pervasive computing techniques are becoming important parts of our daily lives. This book focuses on recent advances, roles, and benefits of these technologies, describing the latest intelligent systems from a practical point of view. Fog, Edge, and Pervasive Computing in Intelligent IoT Driven Applications is also valuable for engineers and professionals trying to solve practical, economic, or technical problems. With a uniquely practical approach spanning multiple fields of interest, contributors cover theory, applications, and design methodologies for intelligent systems. These technologies are rapidly transforming engineering, industry, and agriculture by enabling real-time processing of data via computational, resource-oriented metaheuristics and machine learning algorithms. As edge/fog computing and associated technologies are implemented far and wide, we are now able to solve previously intractable problems. With chapters contributed by experts in the field, this book:* Describes Machine Learning frameworks and algorithms for edge, fog, and pervasive computing* Considers probabilistic storage systems and proven optimization techniques for intelligent IoT* Covers 5G edge network slicing and virtual network systems that utilize new networking capacity* Explores resource provisioning and bandwidth allocation for edge, fog, and pervasive mobile applications* Presents emerging applications of intelligent IoT, including smart farming, factory automation, marketing automation, medical diagnosis, and moreResearchers, graduate students, and practitioners working in the intelligent systems domain will appreciate this book’s practical orientation and comprehensive coverage. Intelligent IoT is revolutionizing every industry and field today, and Fog, Edge, and Pervasive Computing in Intelligent IoT Driven Applications provides the background, orientation, and inspiration needed to begin.DEEPAK GUPTA, PHD, is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, Delhi, India. He has published 158 papers and 3 patents. He is associated with numerous professional bodies, including IEEE, ISTE, IAENG, and IACSIT. He is the convener and organizer of the ICICC, ICDAM Springer Conference Series. ADITYA KHAMPARIA, PHD, is Associate Professor of Computer Science at Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India. He has published more than 45 scientific research publications and is a member of CSI, IET, ISTE, IAENG, ACM and IACSIT. About the Editors xviiList of Contributors xixPreface xxvAcknowledgments xxxiii1 FOG, EDGE AND PERVASIVE COMPUTING IN INTELLIGENT INTERNET OF THINGS DRIVEN APPLICATIONS IN HEALTHCARE: CHALLENGES, LIMITATIONS AND FUTURE USE 1Afroj Alam, Sahar Qazi, Naiyar Iqbal, and Khalid Raza1.1 Introduction 11.2 Why Fog, Edge, and Pervasive Computing? 31.3 Technologies Related to Fog and Edge Computing 61.4 Concept of Intelligent IoT Application in Smart (Fog) Computing Era 91.5 The Hierarchical Architecture of Fog/Edge Computing 121.6 Applications of Fog, Edge and Pervasive Computing in IoT-based Healthcare 151.7 Issues, Challenges, and Opportunity 171.7.1 Security and Privacy Issues 181.7.2 Resource Management 191.7.3 Programming Platform 191.8 Conclusion 20Bibliography 202 FUTURE OPPORTUNISTIC FOG/EDGE COMPUTATIONAL MODELS AND THEIR LIMITATIONS 27Sonia Singla, Naveen Kumar Bhati, and S. Aswath2.1 Introduction 282.2 What are the Benefits of Edge and Fog Computing for the Mechanical Web of Things (IoT)? 322.3 Disadvantages 342.4 Challenges 342.5 Role in Health Care 352.6 Blockchain and Fog, Edge Computing 382.7 How Blockchain will Illuminate Human Services Issues 402.8 Uses of Blockchain in the Future 412.9 Uses of Blockchain in Health Care 422.10 Edge Computing Segmental Analysis 422.11 Uses of Fog Computing 432.12 Analytics in Fog Computing 442.13 Conclusion 44Bibliography 443 AUTOMATING ELICITATION TECHNIQUE SELECTION USING MACHINE LEARNING 47Hatim M. Elhassan Ibrahim Dafallaa, Nazir Ahmad, Mohammed Burhanur Rehman, Iqrar Ahmad, and Rizwan khan3.1 Introduction 473.2 Related Work 483.3 Model: Requirement Elicitation Technique Selection Model 523.3.1 Determining Key Attributes 543.3.2 Selection Attributes 543.3.2.1 Analyst Experience 553.3.2.2 Number of Stakeholders 553.3.2.3 Technique Time 563.3.2.4 Level of Information 563.3.3 Selection Attributes Dataset 563.3.3.1 Mapping the Selection Attributes 573.3.4 k-nearest Neighbor Algorithm Application 573.4 Analysis and Results 603.5 The Error Rate 613.6 Validation 613.6.1 Discussion of the Results of the Experiment 623.7 Conclusion 62Bibliography 654 MACHINE LEARNING FRAMEWORKS AND ALGORITHMS FOR FOG AND EDGE COMPUTING 67Murali Mallikarjuna Rao Perumalla, Sanjay Kumar Singh, Aditya Khamparia, Anjali Goyal, and Ashish Mishra4.1 Introduction 684.1.1 Fog Computing and Edge Computing 684.1.2 Pervasive Computing 684.2 Overview of Machine Learning Frameworks for Fog and Edge Computing 694.2.1 TensorFlow 694.2.2 Keras 704.2.3 PyTorch 704.2.4 TensorFlow Lite 704.2.4.1 Use Pre-train Models 704.2.4.2 Convert the Model 704.2.4.3 On-device Inference 714.2.4.4 Model Optimization 714.2.5 Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques 714.2.5.1 Supervised, Unsupervised and Reinforcement Learning 714.2.5.2 Machine Learning, Deep Learning Techniques 724.2.5.3 Deep Learning Techniques 754.2.5.4 Efficient Deep Learning Algorithms for Inference 774.2.6 Pros and Cons of ML Algorithms for Fog and Edge Computing 784.2.6.1 Advantages using ML Algorithms 784.2.6.2 Disadvantages of using ML Algorithms 794.2.7 Hybrid ML Model for Smart IoT Applications 794.2.7.1 Multi-Task Learning 794.2.7.2 Ensemble Learning 804.2.8 Possible Applications in Fog Era using Machine Learning 814.2.8.1 Computer Vision 814.2.8.2 ML- Assisted Healthcare Monitoring System 814.2.8.3 Smart Homes 814.2.8.4 Behavior Analyses 824.2.8.5 Monitoring in Remote Areas and Industries 824.2.8.6 Self-Driving Cars 82Bibliography 825 INTEGRATED CLOUD BASED LIBRARY MANAGEMENT IN INTELLIGENT IOT DRIVEN APPLICATIONS 85Md Robiul Alam Robel, Subrato Bharati, Prajoy Podder, and M. Rubaiyat Hossain Mondal5.1 Introduction 865.1.1 Execution Plan for the Mobile Application 865.1.2 Main Contribution 865.2 Understanding Library Management 875.3 Integration of Mobile Platform with the Physical Library- Brief Concept 885.4 Database (Cloud Based) - A Must have Component for Library Automation 885.5 IoT Driven Mobile Based Library Management - General Concept 895.6 IoT Involved Real Time GUI (Cross Platform) Available to User 935.7 IoT Challenges 985.7.1 Infrastructure Challenges 995.7.2 Security Challenges 995.7.3 Societal Challenges 1005.7.4 Commercial Challenges 1015.8 Conclusion 102Bibliography 1046 A SYSTEMATIC AND STRUCTURED REVIEW OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS FOR DIAGNOSIS OF RENAL CANCER 105Nikita, Harsh Sadawarti, Balwinder Kaur, and Jimmy Singla6.1 Introduction 1066.2 Related Works 1076.3 Conclusion 119Bibliography 1197 LOCATION DRIVEN EDGE ASSISTED DEVICE AND SOLUTIONS FOR INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION 123Saravjeet Singh and Jaiteg Singh7.1 Introduction to Fog and Edge Computing 1247.1.1 Need for Fog and Edge Computing 1247.1.2 Fog Computing 1257.1.2.1 Application Areas of Fog Computing 1257.1.3 Edge Computing 1267.1.3.1 Advantages of Edge Computing 1277.1.3.2 Application Areas of Fog Computing 1297.2 Introduction to Transportation System 1297.3 Route Finding Process 1317.3.1 Challenges Associated with Land Navigation and Routing Process 1327.4 Edge Architecture for Route Finding 1337.5 Technique Used 1357.6 Algorithms Used for the Location Identification and Route Finding Process 1377.6.1 Location Identification 1377.6.2 Path Generation Technique 1387.7 Results and Discussions 1407.7.1 Output 1407.7.2 Benefits of Edge-based Routing 1437.8 Conclusion 145Bibliography 1468 DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF MEMS FOR AUTOMOBILE CONDITION MONITORING USING COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS SIMULATOR 149Natasha Tiwari, Anil Kumar, Pallavi Asthana, Sumita Mishra, and Bramah Hazela8.1 Introduction 1498.2 Related Work 1518.3 Vehicle Condition Monitoring through Acoustic Emission 1518.4 Piezo-resistive Micro Electromechanical Sensors for Monitoring the Faults Through AE 1528.5 Designing of MEM Sensor 1538.6 Experimental Setup 1538.6.1 FFT Analysis of Automotive Diesel Engine Sound Recording using MATLAB 1558.6.2 Design of MEMS Sensor using COMSOL Multiphysics 1558.6.3 Electrostatic Study Steps for the Optimized Tri-plate Comb Structure 1568.7 Result and Discussions 1578.8 Conclusion 158Bibliography 1589 IOT DRIVEN HEALTHCARE MONITORING SYSTEM 161Md Robiul Alam Robel, Subrato Bharati, Prajoy Podder, and M. Rubaiyat Hossain Mondal9.1 Introduction 1619.1.1 Complementary Aspects of Cloud IoT in Healthcare Applications 1629.1.2 Main Contribution 1649.2 General Concept for IoT Based Healthcare System 1649.3 View of the Overall IoT Healthcare System- Tiers Explained 1659.4 A Brief Design of the IoT Healthcare Architecture-individual Block Explanation 1669.5 Models/Frameworks for IoT use in Healthcare 1689.6 IoT e-Health System Model 1719.7 Process Flow for the Overall Model 1729.8 Conclusion 173Bibliography 17510 FOG COMPUTING AS FUTURE PERSPECTIVE IN VEHICULAR AD HOC NETWORKS 177Harjit Singh, Dr. Vijay Laxmi, Dr. Arun Malik, and Dr. Isha10.1 Introduction 17810.2 Future VANET: Primary Issues and Specifications 18010.3 Fog Computing 18110.3.1 Fog Computing Concept 18310.3.2 Fog Technology Characterization 18310.4 Related Works in Cloud and Fog Computing 18510.5 Fog and Cloud Computing-based Technology Applications in VANET 18610.6 Challenges of Fog Computing in VANET 18810.7 Issues of Fog Computing in VANET 18910.8 Conclusion 190Bibliography 19111 AN OVERVIEW TO DESIGN AN EFFICIENT AND SECURE FOG-ASSISTED DATA COLLECTION METHOD IN THE INTERNET OF THINGS 193Sofia, Arun Malik, Isha, and Aditya Khamparia11.1 Introduction 19311.2 Related Works 19411.3 Overview of the Chapter 19611.4 Data Collection in the IoT 19711.5 Fog Computing 19711.5.1 Why fog Computing for Data Collection in IoT? 19711.5.2 Architecture of Fog Computing 20011.5.3 Features of Fog Computing 20011.5.4 Threats of Fog Computing 20211.5.5 Applications of Fog Computing with the IoT 20311.6 Requirements for Designing a Data Collection Method 20411.7 Conclusion 206Bibliography 20612 ROLE OF FOG COMPUTING PLATFORM IN ANALYTICS OF INTERNET OF THINGS- ISSUES, CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES 209Mamoon Rashid and Umer Iqbal Wani12.1 Introduction to Fog Computing 20912.1.1 Hierarchical Fog Computing Architecture 21012.1.2 Layered Fog Computing Architecture 21212.1.3 Comparison of Fog and Cloud Computing 21312.2 Introduction to Internet of Things 21412.2.1 Overview of Internet of Things 21412.3 Conceptual Architecture of Internet of Things 21612.4 Relationship between Internet of Things and Fog Computing 21712.5 Use of Fog Analytics in Internet of Things 21812.6 Conclusion 218Bibliography 21813 A MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS OF URETHRAL STRICTURE USING INTUITIONISTIC FUZZY SETS 221Prabjot Kaur and Maria Jamal13.1 Introduction 22113.2 Preliminaries 22313.2.1 Introduction 22313.2.2 Fuzzy Sets 22313.2.3 Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets 22413.2.4 Intuitionistic Fuzzy Relation 22413.2.5 Max-Min-Max Composition 22413.2.6 Linguistic Variable 22413.2.7 Distance Measure In Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets 22413.2.7.1 The Hamming Distance 22413.2.7.2 Normalized Hamming Distance 22413.2.7.3 Compliment of an Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set Matrix 22513.2.7.4 Revised Max-Min Average Composition of A and B (A Φ B) 22513.3 Max-Min-Max Algorithm for Disease Diagnosis 22513.4 Case Study 22613.5 Intuitionistic Fuzzy Max-Min Average Algorithm for Disease Diagnosis 22713.6 Result 22813.7 Code for Calculation 22913.8 Conclusion 23313.9 Acknowledgement 234Bibliography 23414 SECURITY ATTACKS IN INTERNET OF THINGS 237Rajit Nair, Preeti Sharma, and Dileep Kumar Singh14.1 Introduction 23814.2 Reference Model of Internet of Things (IoT) 23814.3 IoT Communication Protocol 24614.4 IoT Security 24714.4.1 Physical Attack 24814.4.2 Network Attack 25214.4.3 Software Attack 25414.4.4 Encryption Attack 25514.5 Security Challenges in IoT 25614.5.1 Cryptographic Strategies 25614.5.2 Key Administration 25614.5.3 Denial of Service 25614.5.4 Authentication and Access Control 25714.6 Conclusion 257Bibliography 25715 FOG INTEGRATED NOVEL ARCHITECTURE FOR TELEHEALTH SERVICES WITH SWIFT MEDICAL DELIVERY 263Inderpreet Kaur, Kamaljit Singh Saini, and Jaiteg Singh Khaira15.1 Introduction 26415.2 Associated Work and Dimensions 26615.3 Need of Security in Telemedicine Domain and Internet of Things (IoT) 26715.3.1 Analytics Reports 26815.4 Fog Integrated Architecture for Telehealth Delivery 26815.5 Research Dimensions 26915.5.1 Benchmark Datasets 26915.6 Research Methodology and Implementation on Software Defined Networking 27015.6.1 Key Tools and Frameworks for IoT, Fog Computing and Edge Computing 27415.6.2 Simulation Analysis 27615.7 Conclusion 282Bibliography 28216 FRUIT FLY OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHM FOR INTELLIGENT IOT APPLICATIONS 287Satinder Singh Mohar, Sonia Goyal, and Ranjit Kaur16.1 An Introduction to the Internet of Things 28716.2 Background of the IoT 28816.2.1 Evolution of the IoT 28816.2.2 Elements Involved in IoT Communication 28816.3 Applications of the IoT 28916.3.1 Industrial 29016.3.2 Smart Parking 29016.3.3 Health Care 29016.3.4 Smart Offices and Homes 29016.3.5 Augment Maps 29116.3.6 Environment Monitoring 29116.3.7 Agriculture 29116.4 Challenges in the IoT 29116.4.1 Addressing Schemes 29116.4.2 Energy Consumption 29216.4.3 Transmission Media 29216.4.4 Security 29216.4.5 Quality of Service (QoS) 29216.5 Introduction to Optimization 29316.6 Classification of Optimization Algorithms 29316.6.1 Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Algorithm 29316.6.2 Genetic Algorithms 29416.6.3 Heuristic Algorithms 29416.6.4 Bio-inspired Algorithms 29416.6.5 Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) 29416.7 Network Optimization and IoT 29516.8 Network Parameters optimized by Different Optimization Algorithms 29516.8.1 Load Balancing 29516.8.2 Maximizing Network Lifetime 29516.8.3 Link Failure Management 29616.8.4 Quality of the Link 29616.8.5 Energy Efficiency 29616.8.6 Node Deployment 29616.9 Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm 29716.9.1 Steps Involved in FOA 29716.9.2 Flow Chart of Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm 29816.10 Applicability of FOA in IoT Applications 30016.10.1 Cloud Service Distribution in Fog Computing 30016.10.2 Cluster Head Selection in IoT 30016.10.3 Load Balancing in IoT 30016.10.4 Quality of Service in Web Services 30016.10.5 Electronics Health Records in Cloud Computing 30116.10.6 Intrusion Detection System in Network 30116.10.7 Node Capture Attack in WSN 30116.10.8 Node Deployment in WSN 30216.11 Node Deployment Using Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm 30216.12 Conclusion 304Bibliography 30417 OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR INTELLIGENT IOT APPLICATIONS 311Priyanka Pattnaik, Subhashree Mishra, and Bhabani Shankar Prasad Mishra17.1 Cuckoo Search 31217.1.1 Introduction to Cuckoo 31217.1.2 Natural Cuckoo 31217.1.3 Artificial Cuckoo Search 31317.1.4 Cuckoo Search Algorithm 31317.1.5 Cuckoo Search Variants 31417.1.6 Discrete Cuckoo Search 31417.1.7 Binary Cuckoo Search 31417.1.8 Chaotic Cuckoo Search 31617.1.9 Parallel Cuckoo Search 31717.1.10 Application of Cuckoo Search 31717.2 Glow Worm Algorithm 31717.2.1 Introduction to Glow Worm 31717.2.2 Glow Worm Swarm Optimization Algorithm (GSO) 31717.3 Wasp Swarm Optimization 32117.3.1 Introduction to Wasp Swarm and Wasp Swarm Algorithm (WSO) 32117.3.2 Fish Swarm Optimization (FSO) 32217.3.3 Fruit Fly Optimization (FLO) 32217.3.4 Cockroach Swarm Optimization 32417.3.5 Bumblebee Algorithm 32417.3.6 Dolphin Echolocation 32517.3.7 Shuffled Frog-leaping Algorithm 32617.3.8 Paddy Field Algorithm 32717.4 Real World Applications Area 328Summary 329Bibliography 32918 OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR INTELLIGENT IOT APPLICATIONS IN TRANSPORT PROCESSES 333Muzafer Saračević, Zoran Lončarević, and Adnan Hasanović18.1 Introduction 33318.2 Related Works 33518.3 TSP Optimization Techniques 33618.4 Implementation and Testing of Proposed Solution 33818.5 Experimental Results 34218.5.1 Example Test with 50 Cities 34318.5.2 Example Test with 100 Cities 34418.6 Conclusion and Further Works 346Bibliography 34719 ROLE OF INTELLIGENT IOT APPLICATIONS IN FOG PARADIGM: ISSUES, CHALLENGES AND FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES 351Priyanka Rajan Kumar and Sonia Goel19.1 Fog Computing 35219.1.1 Need of Fog computing 35219.1.2 Architecture of Fog Computing 35319.1.3 Fog Computing Reference Architecture 35419.1.4 Processing on Fog 35519.2 Concept of Intelligent IoT Applications in Smart Computing Era 35519.3 Components of Edge and Fog Driven Algorithm 35619.4 Working of Edge and Fog Driven Algorithms 35719.5 Future Opportunistic Fog/Edge Computational Models 36019.5.1 Future Opportunistic Techniques 36119.6 Challenges of Fog Computing for Intelligent IoT Applications 36119.7 Applications of Cloud Based Computing for Smart Devices 363Bibliography 36420 SECURITY AND PRIVACY ISSUES IN FOG/EDGE/PERVASIVE COMPUTING 369Shweta Kaushik and Charu Gandhi20.1 Introduction to Data Security and Privacy in Fog Computing 37020.2 Data Protection/ Security 37520.3 Great Security Practices In Fog Processing Condition 37720.4 Developing Patterns in Security and Privacy 38120.5 Conclusion 385Bibliography 38521 FOG AND EDGE DRIVEN SECURITY & PRIVACY ISSUES IN IOT DEVICES 389Deepak Kumar Sharma, Aarti Goel, and Pragun Mangla21.1 Introduction to Fog Computing 39021.1.1 Architecture of Fog 39021.1.2 Benefits of Fog Computing 39221.1.3 Applications of Fog with IoT 39321.1.4 Major Challenges for Fog with IoT 39421.1.5 Security and Privacy Issues in Fog Computing 39521.2 Introduction to Edge Computing 39921.2.1 Architecture and Working 40021.2.2 Applications and use Cases 40021.2.3 Characteristics of Edge Computing 40321.2.4 Challenges of Edge Computing 40421.2.5 How to Protect Devices “On the Edge”? 40521.2.6 Comparison with Fog Computing 405Bibliography 406Index 409
Swarm Intelligence Optimization
Resource optimization has always been a thrust area of research, and as the Internet of Things (IoT) is the most talked about topic of the current era of technology, it has become the need of the hour. Therefore, the idea behind this book was to simplify the journey of those who aspire to understand resource optimization in the IoT. To this end, included in this book are various real-time/offline applications and algorithms/case studies in the fields of engineering, computer science, information security, and cloud computing, along with the modern tools and various technologies used in systems, leaving the reader with a high level of understanding of various techniques and algorithms used in resource optimization.ABHISHEK KUMAR gained his PhD in computer science from the University of Madras, India in 2019. He is assistant professor at Chitkara University and has more than 80 publications in peer-reviewed international and national journals, books & conferences His research interests include artificial intelligence, image processing, computer vision, data mining and machine learning. PRAMOD SINGH RATHORE has a MTech in Computer Science & Engineering from the Government Engineering College Ajmer, Rajasthan Technical University, Kota India, where he is now an assistant professor. He has more than 60 papers, chapters, and a book to his credit and his research interests are in networking cloud and IoT. VICENTE GARCÍA DÍAZ obtained his PhD in Computer Science in 2011 at the University of Oviedo, Spain where he is now an associate professor in the School of Computer Science. He has published more than 100 publications and his research interests include domain-specific languages, e-learning, decision support systems. RASHMI AGRAWAL obtained her PhD in Computer Applications in 2016 from Manav Rachna International University Faridabad, India, where she is now a professor in the Department of Computer Applications. Her research area includes data mining and artificial intelligence and she has published more than 65 publications to her credit. Preface xv1 A FUNDAMENTAL OVERVIEW OF DIFFERENT ALGORITHMS AND PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION FOR SWARM INTELLIGENCE 1Manju Payal, Abhishek Kumar and Vicente García Díaz1.1 Introduction 11.2 Methodology of SI Framework 31.3 Composing With SI 71.4 Algorithms of the SI 71.5 Conclusion 18References 182 INTRODUCTION TO IOT WITH SWARM INTELLIGENCE 21Anant Mishra and Jafar Tahir2.1 Introduction 212.1.1 Literature Overview 222.2 Programming 222.2.1 Basic Programming 222.2.2 Prototyping 222.3 Data Generation 232.3.1 From Where the Data Comes? 232.3.2 Challenges of Excess Data 242.3.3 Where We Store Generated Data? 242.3.4 Cloud Computing and Fog Computing 252.4 Automation 262.4.1 What is Automation? 262.4.2 How Automation is Being Used? 262.5 Security of the Generated Data 302.5.1 Why We Need Security in Our Data? 302.5.2 What Types of Data is Being Generated? 312.5.3 Protecting Different Sector Working on the Principle of IoT 322.6 Swarm Intelligence 332.6.1 What is Swarm Intelligence? 332.6.2 Classification of Swarm Intelligence 332.6.3 Properties of a Swarm Intelligence System 342.7 Scope in Educational and Professional Sector 362.8 Conclusion 37References 383 PERSPECTIVES AND FOUNDATIONS OF SWARM INTELLIGENCE AND ITS APPLICATION 41Rashmi Agrawal3.1 Introduction 413.2 Behavioral Phenomena of Living Beings and Inspired Algorithms 423.2.1 Bee Foraging 423.2.2 ABC Algorithm 433.2.3 Mating and Marriage 433.2.4 MBO Algorithm 443.2.5 Coakroach Behavior 443.3 Roach Infestation Optimization 453.3.1 Lampyridae Bioluminescence 453.3.2 GSO Algorithm 463.4 Conclusion 46References 474 IMPLICATION OF IOT COMPONENTS AND ENERGY MANAGEMENT MONITORING 49Shweta Sharma, Praveen Kumar Kotturu and Prafful Chandra Narooka4.1 Introduction 494.2 IoT Components 534.3 IoT Energy Management 564.4 Implication of Energy Measurement for Monitoring 574.5 Execution of Industrial Energy Monitoring 584.6 Information Collection 594.7 Vitality Profiles Analysis 594.8 IoT-Based Smart Energy Management System 614.9 Smart Energy Management System 614.10 IoT-Based System for Intelligent Energy Management in Buildings 624.11 Smart Home for Energy Management Using IoT 62References 645 DISTINCT ALGORITHMS FOR SWARM INTELLIGENCE IN IOT 67Trapty Agarwal, Gurjot Singh, Subham Pradhan and Vikash Verma5.1 Introduction 675.2 Swarm Bird–Based Algorithms for IoT 685.2.1 Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) 685.2.1.1 Statistical Analysis 685.2.1.2 Algorithm 685.2.1.3 Applications 695.2.2 Cuckoo Search Algorithm 695.2.2.1 Statistical Analysis 695.2.2.2 Algorithm 705.2.2.3 Applications 705.2.3 Bat Algorithm 715.2.3.1 Statistical Analysis 715.2.3.2 Algorithm 715.2.3.3 Applications 725.3 Swarm Insect–Based Algorithm for IoT 725.3.1 Ant Colony Optimization 725.3.1.1 Flowchart 735.3.1.2 Applications 735.3.2 Artificial Bee Colony 745.3.2.1 Flowchart 755.3.2.2 Applications 755.3.3 Honey-Bee Mating Optimization 755.3.3.1 Flowchart 765.3.3.2 Application 775.3.4 Firefly Algorithm 775.3.4.1 Flowchart 785.3.4.2 Application 785.3.5 Glowworm Swarm Optimization 785.3.5.1 Statistical Analysis 795.3.5.2 Flowchart 795.3.5.3 Application 80References 806 SWARM INTELLIGENCE FOR DATA MANAGEMENT AND MINING TECHNOLOGIES TO MANAGE AND ANALYZE DATA IN IOT 83Kashinath Chandelkar6.1 Introduction 836.2 Content Management System 846.3 Data Management and Mining 856.3.1 Data Life Cycle 866.3.2 Knowledge Discovery in Database 876.3.3 Data Mining vs. Data Warehousing 886.3.4 Data Mining Techniques 886.3.5 Data Mining Technologies 926.3.6 Issues in Data Mining 936.4 Introduction to Internet of Things 946.5 Swarm Intelligence Techniques 946.5.1 Ant Colony Optimization 956.5.2 Particle Swarm Optimization 956.5.3 Differential Evolution 966.5.4 Standard Firefly Algorithm 966.5.5 Artificial Bee Colony 976.6 Chapter Summary 98References 987 HEALTHCARE DATA ANALYTICS USING SWARM INTELLIGENCE 101Palvadi Srinivas Kumar, Pooja Dixit and N. Gayathri7.1 Introduction 1017.1.1 Definition 1037.2 Intelligent Agent 1037.3 Background and Usage of AI Over Healthcare Domain 1047.4 Application of AI Techniques in Healthcare 1057.5 Benefits of Artificial Intelligence 1067.6 Swarm Intelligence Model 1077.7 Swarm Intelligence Capabilities 1087.8 How the Swarm AI Technology Works 1097.9 Swarm Algorithm 1107.10 Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm 1107.11 Particle Swarm Optimization 1127.12 Concepts for Swarm Intelligence Algorithms 1137.13 How Swarm AI is Useful in Healthcare 1147.14 Benefits of Swarm AI 1157.15 Impact of Swarm-Based Medicine 1167.16 SI Limitations 1177.17 Future of Swarm AI 1187.18 Issues and Challenges 1197.19 Conclusion 120References 1208 SWARM INTELLIGENCE FOR GROUP OBJECTS IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS 123Kapil Chauhan and Pramod Singh Rathore8.1 Introduction 1238.2 Algorithm 1278.3 Mechanism and Rationale of the Work 1308.3.1 Related Work 1318.4 Network Energy Model 1328.4.1 Network Model 1328.5 PSO Grouping Issue 1328.6 Proposed Method 1338.6.1 Grouping Phase 1338.6.2 Proposed Validation Record 1338.6.3 Data Transmission Stage 1338.7 Bunch Hub Refreshing Calculation Dependent on an Improved PSO 1338.8 Other SI Models 1348.9 An Automatic Clustering Algorithm Based on PSO 1358.10 Steering Rule Based on Informed Algorithm 1368.11 Routing Protocols Based on Meta-Heuristic Algorithm 1378.12 Routing Protocols for Avoiding Energy Holes 1388.13 System Model 1388.13.1 Network Model 1388.13.2 Power Model 139References 1399 SWAM INTELLIGENCE–BASED RESOURCES OPTIMIZATION AND ANALYSES AND MANAGING DATA IN IOT WITH DATA MINING TECHNOLOGIES 143Pooja Dixit, Palvadi Srinivas Kumar and N. Gayathri9.1 Introduction 1439.1.1 Swarm Intelligence 1439.1.1.1 Swarm Biological Collective Behavior 1459.1.1.2 Swarm With Artificial Intelligence Model 1479.1.1.3 Birds in Nature 1509.1.1.4 Swarm with IoT 1539.2 IoT With Data Mining 1539.2.1 Data from IoT 1549.2.1.1 Data Mining for IoT 1549.2.2 Data Mining With KDD 1579.2.3 PSO With Data Mining 1599.3 ACO and Data Mining 1619.4 Challenges for ACO-Based Data Mining 162References 16210 DATA MANAGEMENT AND MINING TECHNOLOGIES TO MANAGE AND ANALYZE DATA IN IOT 165Shweta Sharma, Satya Murthy Sasubilli and Kunal Bhargava10.1 Introduction 16510.2 Data Management 16610.3 Data Lifecycle of IoT 16710.4 Procedures to Implement IoT Data Management 17110.5 Industrial Data Lifecycle 17310.6 Industrial Data Management Framework of IoT 17410.6.1 Physical Layer 17410.6.2 Correspondence Layer 17510.6.3 Middleware Layer 17510.7 Data Mining 17510.7.1 Functionalities of Data Mining 17910.7.2 Classification 18010.8 Clustering 18210.9 Affiliation Analysis 18210.10 Time Series Analysis 183References 18511 SWARM INTELLIGENCE FOR DATA MANAGEMENT AND MINING TECHNOLOGIES TO MANAGE AND ANALYZE DATA IN IOT 189Kapil Chauhan and Vishal Dutt11.1 Introduction 19011.2 Information Mining Functionalities 19211.2.1 Classification 19211.2.2 Clustering 19211.3 Data Mining Using Ant Colony Optimization 19311.3.1 Enormous Information Investigation 19411.3.2 Data Grouping 19511.4 Computing With Ant-Based 19611.4.1 Biological Background 19611.5 Related Work 19711.6 Contributions 19811.7 SI in Enormous Information Examination 19811.7.1 Handling Enormous Measure of Information 19911.7.2 Handling Multidimensional Information 19911.8 Requirements and Characteristics of IoT Data 20011.8.1 IoT Quick and Gushing Information 20011.8.2 IoT Big Information 20011.9 Conclusion 201References 20212 SWARM INTELLIGENCE–BASED ENERGY-EFFICIENT CLUSTERING ALGORITHMS FOR WSN: OVERVIEW OF ALGORITHMS, ANALYSIS, AND APPLICATIONS 207Devika G., Ramesh D. and Asha Gowda Karegowda12.1 Introduction 20812.1.1 Scope of Work 20912.1.2 Related Works 20912.1.3 Challenges in WSNs 21012.1.4 Major Highlights of the Chapter 21312.2 SI-Based Clustering Techniques 21312.2.1 Growth of SI Algorithms and Characteristics 21412.2.2 Typical SI-Based Clustering Algorithms 21912.2.3 Comparison of SI Algorithms and Applications 21912.3 WSN SI Clustering Applications 21912.3.1 WSN Services 23312.3.2 Clustering Objectives for WSN Applications 23312.3.3 SI Algorithms for WSN: Overview 23412.3.4 The Commonly Applied SI-Based WSN Clusterings 23512.3.4.1 ACO-Based WSN Clustering 23512.3.4.2 PSO-Based WSN Clustering 23712.3.4.3 ABC-Based WSN Clustering 24012.3.4.4 CS Cuckoo–Based WSN Clustering 24112.3.4.5 Other SI Technique-Based WSN Clustering 24212.4 Challenges and Future Direction 24612.5 Conclusions 247References 25313 SWARM INTELLIGENCE FOR CLUSTERING IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS 263Preeti Sethi13.1 Introduction 26313.2 Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks 26413.3 Use of Swarm Intelligence for Clustering in WSN 26613.3.1 Mobile Agents: Properties and Behavior 26613.3.2 Benefits of Using Mobile Agents 26713.3.3 Swarm Intelligence–Based Clustering Approach 26813.4 Conclusion 272References 27214 SWARM INTELLIGENCE FOR CLUSTERING IN WI-FI NETWORKS 275Astha Parihar and Ramkishore Kuchana14.1 Introduction 27514.1.1 Wi-Fi Networks 27514.1.2 Wi-Fi Networks Clustering 27714.2 Power Conscious Fuzzy Clustering Algorithm (PCFCA) 27814.2.1 Adequate Cluster Head Selection in PCFCA 27814.2.2 Creation of Clusters 27914.2.3 Execution Assessment of PCFCA 28214.3 Vitality Collecting in Remote Sensor Systems 28214.3.1 Power Utilization 28314.3.2 Production of Energy 28314.3.3 Power Cost 28414.3.4 Performance Representation of EEHC 28414.4 Adequate Power Circular Clustering Algorithm (APRC) 28414.4.1 Case-Based Clustering in Wi-Fi Networks 28414.4.2 Circular Clustering Outlook 28414.4.3 Performance Representation of APRC 28514.5 Modifying Scattered Clustering Algorithm (MSCA) 28614.5.1 Equivalence Estimation in Data Sensing 28614.5.2 Steps in Modifying Scattered Clustering Algorithm (MSCA) 28614.5.3 Performance Evaluation of MSCA 28714.6 Conclusion 288References 28815 SUPPORT VECTOR IN HEALTHCARE USING SVM/PSO IN VARIOUS DOMAINS: A REVIEW 291Vishal Dutt, Pramod Singh Rathore and Kapil Chauhan15.1 Introduction 29115.2 The Fundamental PSO 29215.2.1 Algorithm for PSO 29315.3 The Support Vector 29315.3.1 SVM in Regression 29915.3.2 SVM in Clustering 30015.3.3 Partition Clustering 30115.3.4 Hierarchical Clustering 30115.3.5 Density-Based Clustering 30215.3.6 PSO in Clustering 30315.4 Conclusion 304References 30416 IOT-BASED HEALTHCARE SYSTEM TO MONITOR THE SENSOR’S DATA OF MWBAN 309Rani Kumari and ParmaNand16.1 Introduction 31016.1.1 Combination of AI and IoT in Real Activities 31016.2 Related Work 31116.3 Proposed System 31216.3.1 AI and IoT in Medical Field 31216.3.2 IoT Features in Healthcare 31316.3.2.1 Wearable Sensing Devices With Physical Interface for Real World 31316.3.2.2 Input Through Organized Information to the Sensors 31316.3.2.3 Small Sensor Devices for Input and Output 31416.3.2.4 Interaction With Human Associated Devices 31416.3.2.5 To Control Physical Activity and Decision 31416.3.3 Approach for Sensor’s Status of Patient 31516.4 System Model 31516.4.1 Solution Based on Heuristic Iterative Method 31716.5 Challenges of Cyber Security in Healthcare With IoT 32016.6 Conclusion 321References 32117 EFFECTIVENESS OF SWARM INTELLIGENCE FOR HANDLING FAULT-TOLERANT ROUTING PROBLEM IN IOT 325Arpit Kumar Sharma, Kishan Kanhaiya and Jaisika Talwar17.1 Introduction 32517.1.1 Meaning of Swarm and Swarm Intelligence 32617.1.2 Stability 32717.1.3 Technologies of Swarm 32817.2 Applications of Swarm Intelligence 32817.2.1 Flight of Birds Elaborations 32917.2.2 Honey Bees Elaborations 32917.3 Swarm Intelligence in IoT 33017.3.1 Applications 33117.3.2 Human Beings vs. Swarm 33217.3.3 Use of Swarms in Engineering 33217.4 Innovations Based on Swarm Intelligence 33317.4.1 Fault Tolerance in IoT 33417.5 Energy-Based Model 33517.5.1 Basic Approach of Fault Tolerance With Its Network Architecture 33517.5.2 Problem of Fault Tolerance Using Different Algorithms 33717.6 Conclusion 340References 34018 SMART EPILEPSY DETECTION SYSTEM USING HYBRID ANN-PSO NETWORK 343Jagriti Saini and Maitreyee Dutta18.1 Introduction 34318.2 Materials and Methods 34518.2.1 Experimental Data 34518.2.2 Data Pre-Processing 34518.2.3 Feature Extraction 34618.2.4 Relevance of Extracted Features 34618.3 Proposed Epilepsy Detection System 34918.4 Experimental Results of ANN-Based System 35018.5 MSE Reduction Using Optimization Techniques 35118.6 Hybrid ANN-PSO System for Epilepsy Detection 35318.7 Conclusion 355References 356Index 359
PowerShell 7 for IT Professionals
TAKE ADVANTAGE OF EVERYTHING MICROSOFT’S NEW POWERSHELL 7 HAS TO OFFERPowerShell 7 for IT Pros is your guide to using PowerShell 7, the open source, cross-platform version of Windows PowerShell. Windows IT professionals can begin setting up automation in PowerShell 7, which features many improvements over the early version of PowerShell Core and Windows PowerShell. PowerShell 7 users can enjoy the high level of compatibility with the Windows PowerShell modules they rely on today. This book shows IT professionals—especially Windows administrators and developers—how to use PowerShell7 to engage in their most important tasks, such as managing networking, using AD/DNS/DHCP, leveraging Azure, and more.To make it easy to learn everything PowerShell 7 has to offer, this book includes robust examples, each containing sample code so readers can follow along. Scripts are based on PowerShell 7 running on Windows 10 19H1 or later and Windows Server 2019.• Learn to navigate the PowerShell 7 administrative environment• Use PowerShell 7 to automate networking, Active Directory, Windows storage, shared data, and more• Run Windows Update, IIS, Hyper-V, and WMI and CIM cmdlets within PowerShell 7• Understand how to handle reporting in the new PowerShell 7 environmentPowerShell 7 for IT Pros provides exclusive coverage of using PowerShell with both cloud-based systems and virtualized environments (Hyper V and Azure). Written by PowerShell veteran Thomas Lee, this is the only book you’ll need to get started with PowerShell 7.THOMAS LEE is an IT consultant/trainer/writer who holds numerous Microsoft certifications. He has been awarded Microsoft's MVP award 17 times. He has written numerous books on TCP/IP and PowerShell. Thomas currently helps clients to deliver training and build training courses. He continues to give back to the community as Group Administrator for the PowerShell forum on Spiceworks, where he is also a Site Moderator. Foreword xiiiIntroduction xxxiiiCHAPTER 1 SETTING UP A POWERSHELL 7 ENVIRONMENT 1What is New in PowerShell 7 2Systems Used in This Book and Chapter 3Installing PowerShell 7 5Installing and Configuring VS Code 14Using the PowerShell Gallery 21Creating a Local PowerShellGet Repository 24Creating a Code-Signing Environment 30Summary 35CHAPTER 2 POWERSHELL 7 COMPATIBILITY WITH WINDOWS POWERSHELL 37Examining PowerShell Modules 38Introducing the Compatibility Solution 48Things That Do Not Work with PowerShell 7 51Summary 54CHAPTER 3 MANAGING ACTIVE DIRECTORY 55Systems Used in This Chapter 58Establishing a Forest Root Domain 60Installing a Replica DC 66Installing a Child Domain 70Configuring a Cross-Forest Trust 75Managing AD Users, Computers, and OUs 86Adding Users to AD via a CSV 96Configuring Just Enough Administration (JEA) 100Summary 109CHAPTER 4 MANAGING NETWORKING 111Systems Used in This Chapter 112Configuring IP Addressing 113Testing Network Connectivity 117Installing the DHCP Service 121Configuring DHCP Scopes 124Configuring DHCP Failover 128Configuring the DNS Service 133Configuring DNS Zones and Resource Records 138Summary 144CHAPTER 5 MANAGING STORAGE 145Systems Used in This Chapter 146Managing Disks and Volumes 147Managing NTFS Permissions 154Managing Storage Replica 163Managing Filestore Quotas 175Managing File Screening 183Summary 190CHAPTER 6 MANAGING SHARED DATA 191Systems Used in This Chapter 193Setting Up and Securing an SMB File Server 194Creating and Securing SMB Shares 198Creating and Using an iSCSI Target 207Setting Up a Clustered Scale-Out File Server 218Summary 229CHAPTER 7 MANAGING PRINTING 231Systems Used in This Chapter 232Installing and Sharing Printers 233Publishing a Printer in AD 238Changing the Spool Folder 240Printing a Test Page 245Creating a Printer Pool 248Summary 249CHAPTER 8 MANAGING HYPER-V 251Systems Used in This Chapter 253Installing and Configuring Hyper-V 254Creating a Hyper-V VM 257Using PowerShell Direct 262Configuring VM Networking 265Configuring VM Hardware 271Implementing Nested Virtualization 277Using VM Checkpoints 282Using VM Replication 291Managing VM Movement 305Measuring VM Resource Usage 311Summary 314CHAPTER 9 USING WMI WITH CIM CMDLETS 315Exploring WMI Namespaces 320Exploring WMI Classes 328Getting Local and Remote Objects 330Invoking WMI Methods 334Managing WMI Events 339Implementing Permanent WMI Event Handling 347Summary 355CHAPTER 10 REPORTING 357Systems Used in This Chapter 358Reporting on AD Users and Computers 359Managing Filesystem Reporting 365Collecting Performance Information Using PLA 374Reporting on PLA Performance Data 379Creating a Performance Monitoring Graph 382Creating a System Diagnostics Report 385Reporting on Printer Usage 387Creating a Hyper-V Status Report 390Reviewing Event Logs 395Summary 402Index 403